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題名 | Competitive Interaction between the Invasive Solidago Canadensis and Native Kummerowia Striate in Lead Contaminated Soil=重金屬鉛污染條件下入侵植物加拿大一枝黃花和中國原生植物雞眼草的競爭性相互作用 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 張倩; 楊如意; 唐建軍; 陳欣; | 書刊名 | Botanical Studies |
卷期 | 49:4 2008.10[民97.10] |
頁次 | 頁385-391 |
分類號 | 371.5 |
關鍵詞 | 重金屬污染土壤; 入侵物種加拿大一枝黃花; 土地物種雞眼草; 單作; Heavy metal contaminated soil; Invasive solidago canadensis; Native kummerowia striata; Monoculture; Mixture; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 作者首先提出這樣一個科學假說:對逆境環境具有較強耐性可能造成入侵物種比本地物種具有較強競爭能力,從而促進其入侵過程。本研究借助於溫室試驗,通過入侵物種加拿大一枝黃花和本地物種雞眼草的單作和混植試驗,證驗了這一假說。重金屬鉛以醋酸鉛[Pb(AC)2.3H2O]溶液為鉛加入形態,設置0、300、600 mg/kg共三個施入濃度,以模擬對照生境和兩個鉛污染土壤生境。每重土壤條件下分別種植入侵物種加拿大一支黃花和本地物種雞眼草及其組合。結果表明,單作條件下三種鉛處理濃度的加拿大一枝黃花的生物量、氮含量及磷含量沒有顯著差異,但本地物種雞眼草的生長卻隨著土壤鉛濃度的增加發生了顯著的下降。混植條件土壤鉛濃度增加拿大一枝黃花和種雞眼草地上部生物量的比,表明土壤鉛增強加拿大一枝花對種雞眼草的競爭。與單作相比,混植條件下加拿大一枝黃花地上部和地下部分的生物量、氮含量、磷含量顯著較高,每種鉛土壤濃度下均表現如此。無論是在單作還正在混植條件下,加拿大一枝黃花的地上部、根狀莖、根系中的鉛含量都隨著土壤鉛濃度的不斷增加而增加;但不同鉛濃度下,混植條件下加拿大一枝黃花地上部和地下部的鉛濃度均顯著低於單作。鉛濃度處理以及與雞眼草混作均不改變加拿大一枝黃花生物量在地上部、根莖及根系中的分配比例。這些證據支持了我們的假說,即加拿大一枝黃花對鉛脅迫的較強耐性使得其在鉛污染土壤中的表現明顯優於本地物種,從而導致了外來入侵物種加拿大一枝黃花在鉛污染土壤的快速入侵。 |
英文摘要 | Higher tolerance to stressful environments way result in exotic plants being more competitive than naïve ones, thus promoting plant invasion. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to test this hypothesis by using invasive Solidago Canadensis and native Kummerowia striata as model plant species under lead contamination. Lead was applied as Pb(AC)2.3H2O in solution at three levels (0, 300 mg kg-1 and 600 mg kg-1 soil) to simulate control and two pollution sites on which s. Canadensis was found. Invasive Solidago Canadensis, native Kummerowia striata, and their combination were grown under each Pb treatment. Under monoculture no differences of biomass, nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) contents in S. Canadensis were found among treatment, but the growth of native K. striata was significantly depressed at higher soil Pb concentration. When both species were mixed, elevated soil Pb concentrations significantly increased shoot biomass ratio of S, Canadensis to K. striata, implying that Pb enhanced the competition of S. Canadensis over K. striata. Compared to monoculture, biomass and N and P contents of S. Canadensis significantly increased under mixture with K. striata in each Pb treatment. Under both monoculture and mixed culture, Pb concentrations in shoots, roots, and rhizomes of S. Canadensis increased with soil Pb content, but Pb concentrations in both above- and below-ground tissues of S. Canadensis were significantly lower in mixture than that in monoculture under each Pb treatment. Both Pb treatments and mixture with native K. striata did not change biomass allocation to shoot, root and rhizome of S. Canadensis. Evidence form our experiment supported the hypothesis that higher tolerance to Pb stress enabled the invasive S. Canadensis to outperform the native K. striata and may have promoted its rapid invasion in Pb contaminated soil. |
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