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題名 | 集水區環境敏感區位劃定系統在鄉村區土地適宜性評估之應用=A GIS Base Systems for Delineating Watershed Environmental Sensitive Area in Assessment the Suitability of Landuse at Rural Areas |
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作 者 | 林昭遠; 鄭旭涵; 林家榮; | 書刊名 | 水土保持學報 |
卷期 | 40:4 2008.12[民97.12] |
頁次 | 頁417-437 |
分類號 | 436.124 |
關鍵詞 | 環境敏感區位; 土地適宜性評估; 鄉村區; Environmental sensitive areas; Landuse suitability assessment; Rural areas; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臺灣地區城鄉之間的距離近年來已大幅縮短,平原地區鄉村多呈農工混合發展型態,山坡 地鄉村區由於土地資源之先天限制,開發乃成為必然之趨勢。其中以山坡地農業、休閒觀光以 及各種道路開闢、建築等非農業開發利用,導致環境品質劣化,以及部分具有緩衝天然災害之 區位功能逐漸喪失,最令人擔憂。山坡地鄉村區之環境災害主要為水土災害,其原因除了與地 形、地質等先天條件有關外,水是最主要的誘發因素。本研究以集水區的觀點切入,探討山坡 地鄉村區實際土地利用,與現行法規所劃定之環境敏感區位,是否有無法落實或必須檢討之處; 同時比較一般土地適宜性研究所採用之評估觀念,與集水區環境敏感區位劃定觀念之差異。從 水里溪集水區開發現況差異分析檢討結果發現,部份鄉村區土地利用及開發區位,恰巧落於環 境敏感區位;另從歷史災害統計分析,環境敏感區位確實有較高災害發生頻率。不適宜之土地 利用,則是災害加劇加深的主要原因。本研究建置之集水區環境敏感區位劃定系統,彙整各類 土地利用環境敏感評估準則,可迅速運算、客觀的提供集水區土地適宜性之空間分佈及量化成 果。研究結果顯示魚池鄉、水里鄉內山坡地鄉村區之土地利用規劃,應以水里溪集水區整體考 量;同時對於現行已分佈於湖泊週邊、溪流交匯口、土石流扇狀堆積區、地質脆弱地區、歷史 崩塌區等之土地開發利用,應視環境敏感區位之性質與保護標的,從質與量的影響,採行土地 使用管制或者透過保護帶之劃設與徵收等方式,予以降低使用密度或預先遷離土砂災害潛勢 區。政府部門對於整體山坡地鄉村區之區域發展規劃,更應從環境保育、災害預防與規避、景 觀風貌、鄉村產業經濟發展等角度,以集水區流域地形變遷及土砂運移之長遠思考,落實環境 敏感區位之劃定與執行,以達到減災、避災之效果,降低土地開發維護成本,進而保護民眾生 命財產安全,並保育山坡地水土環境。 |
英文摘要 | The traveling distances between urban and rural areas have been shortened based on the convenient highway and expressway network system and infrastructure. Most of suburban areas became half or an hour trip from metropolitan areas. The villages on the plain are mainly distributed on the south-central agricultural counties and they represent agriculture-industrial combination developing pattern. Due to the natural resources limitation on the slopeland villages, the area development is necessary. The slopeland agriculture, recreational activities and non-agricultural utilization such as road constructions or buildings deteriorate the slopeland environment. Especially, some environmental sensitive areas decreasing hazard buffering capacity will be a great worry to publics. The major environmental hazards on the slopeland are soil and water hazards. Besides the topologic and geologic related conditions, water is the most important induced factor. This study is based on the watershed stream network viewpoint to discuss the differences and reasons between real slopeland utilization and environmental sensitive area reservation in current regulations. In the meantime, the results from the different concepts in regular landuse appropriate evaluation and watershed environmental sensitive area delineation were also discussed to indicate the differences on the slopeland village landuse suggestion. From the analyzed results of Shuili Stream watershed case study, most the current rural landuse and development areas are located on the environmental sensitive areas derived by watershed environmental sensitive area delineation system. From the statistical analysis results using historical data, these environmental sensitive areas were suffered by natural hazards with more intensive frequency. The improper landuse pattern on this slopeland maybe the most important reason causing higher casualties. The watershed environmental sensitive area delineation system established in this study summarizes landuse environmental sensitive evaluation criteria and provides efficient and objective watershed landuse appropriate spatial distribution results. From the study results, the slopeland utilizations in Yuchi and Shuili townships need be reconsidered based on the total Shuili Stream watershed unit assessment. The developed areas scatter along the lakeshores, stream intersections, debris-flow deposition areas, geologic vulnerable areas and landslide areas need be restricted based on different sensitive area properties and protection reasons through buffer zone delineation or land levy processes to decrease landuse intensity and evacuate debris hazard potential areas. The area development planning of whole slopeland village areas should be examined based on environmental conservation, hazard prevention, landscape, and rural industrial economic development factors. Also considering the watershed topologic changes, sediment transport, and environmental sensitive areas delineation and enforcement can provide better hazard mitigation effects, reduce land development and maintenance cost, and improve slopeland soil and water conservation. The proposed concepts and processes can protect human lives and properties, and contribute quality and esthetics to the environment. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。