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題名 | 醫學實驗室內部品質管制之建立與管理=Establishment and Management of Internal Quality Control in A Medical Laboratory |
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作者 | 張錦標; 邱建勳; 王昱豐; | 書刊名 | 核子醫學雜誌 |
卷期 | 19:2 民95.06 |
頁次 | 頁99-113 |
分類號 | 419.38 |
關鍵詞 | 品質管制; 內部品質管制; 精確度; 實驗室認證; 持續改進; Quality control; Internal quality control; Precision; Quality assurance; Continuous quality improvement; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 實驗室品質管制(quality control; QC)包括內部品質管制(internal quality control; IQC)及能力試驗(Proficiency testing; PT);內部品質管制可監控分析之精確度(precision),能力試驗可提昇分析之準確度(accuracy)。實驗室認證機構品質管制之規範為實驗室分析品質最基本要求。實驗室應制定內部品質管制之政策與設計標準作業準則,醫檢人員對品管規則之各項定義與要求應深入瞭解與評估,可降低分析之假性排斥率(probability of error detection; P(下标 fr))及提高錯誤偵測率(probability of false rejection; P(下标 cd)),以符合實驗室的管理要求與技術要求之規範。實驗室內部品質管制結果如超出管制範圍外,實驗室應有矯正的方法及預防的措施。定期內部品質管制之監督與管理可作為分析品質持續改進(continuous quality improvement; CQI)之依據,以提昇實驗室分析結果之品質保證。品質管制最終目標,可提昇檢驗醫學及臨床醫療之品質、控制醫療之成本、並嘉惠病人照護之品質。 |
英文摘要 | The quality control for a nuclear medicine laboratory includes two major elements: internal quality control (IQC) and proficiency testing (PT). The IQC indicates for the precision monitoring of a study, and PT provides the accuracy testing of a result. In fact, the standard procedure guideline described by the laboratory accreditation organization is only the basic requirement for quality control. Nuclear medicine laboratory should establish its own IQC policy and standard practice guideline, prospectively. Laboratory staffs should also be familiar with all of the IQC documents. The final goal for both quality controls is promoting our medical service quality, achieving a good cost-effectiveness outcome, and providing the best patient care. It could effectively cut down the probability of both false rejection (Pfr) and error detection (Ped). When the results of IQC exceed the control provision, there should have technical processes to make corrections and effective mechanisms to prevent turning out again. These actions will be the basis of continuous quality improvement (CQI) and analysis assurance enhancement. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。