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題名 | 炭化條件對孟宗竹與麻竹炭化物基本性質之影響(2)電阻係數、吸濕性能、微細組織構造變化=Effects of Carbonization Condition on the Basic Properties of Charcoals Made from Moso Bamboo and Ma Bamboo (Ⅱ) Variation in Electrical Resistivity, Adsorption Capacity and Micro-Structures |
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作者 | 羅盛峰; 王松永; | 書刊名 | 林產工業 |
卷期 | 26:3 2007.09[民96.09] |
頁次 | 頁171-186 |
分類號 | 436.51 |
關鍵詞 | 竹炭; 炭化溫度; 昇溫速度; 電阻係數; 吸濕性能; 微細構造變化; Bamboo charcoal; Carbonization temperature; Temperature increasing rate; Electrical resistivity; Adsorption capacity; Micro-structure change; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本報告探討炭化條件對於孟宗竹與麻竹竹炭之電阻係數,吸濕性能與微細組織構造之影響,炭化條件包含炭化溫度為400℃至1600℃,昇溫速度為1℃/min,3℃/min及5℃/min。試驗結果顯示兩種竹炭之電阻係數(ρ)均會隨炭化溫度增加而減低,當炭化溫度達800℃,1000℃時,其ρ值各會減低至10Ω.cm,與10^(-1)Ω.cm~10^(-2)Ω.cm,並且麻竹炭之ρ值會稍大於孟宗竹炭,而三種昇溫速度之間,除麻竹炭在1℃/min者,縱向之ρ值較大外,其他均無明顯差異。而兩種竹炭之調濕性能(有效吸著量),係以1000℃炭化溫度之孟宗竹炭會較大,麻竹炭則以600℃,800℃炭化之溫度者較大。當兩種竹炭以吸濕速度曲線A=A0(1-e^(-kt))表示時,其A_0值表示達到平衡之吸濕量,k值表示達到吸濕平衡之速度,A_0值兩種竹炭均以1000℃炭化溫度者較大,且麻竹炭會大於孟宗竹炭,但k值則炭化溫度,昇溫速度間無一定趨勢。另外進一步就竹炭之微細構造觀察,兩種竹炭於炭化後仍可維持竹材原有之導管,薄壁組織,與纖維組織之架構,但隨炭化溫度之增高,當炭化溫度達1200~1600℃時,可看到導管腔內,薄壁細胞壁上附有各種不同形狀之結晶,孟宗竹炭有針狀,顆粒狀,薄片棒狀,而麻竹炭則有圓球狀,矩形塊狀,多層塊狀,而其成分主要為矽(Si)。 |
英文摘要 | The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of carbonization condition on the electrical resistivity, adsorption capacity, and micro-structure changes for moso bamboo (phyllostaclys pubesenss)and ma bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiflorus) charcoals, The bamboo charcoals were carbonized at final temperature from 400℃ to 1600℃, and temperature increasing rate of 1℃/min, 3℃/min and 5℃/min, respectively, Nitrogen at normal atmospheric pressure was introduced into carbonizing chamber in all cases. The experimental results showed that the electrical resistivity (ρ) of these two kinds of bamboo charcoals decreased with the increasing of the carbonized temperature. When the carbonized temperature increased to 800℃ and 1000℃, the ρ values decreased to 10Ω.cm and 10^(-1)Ω.cm~10^(-2)Ω.cm respectively, however the ρ values of ma bamboo charcoal were slightly greater than that of moso bamboo charcoal. There were no significant differences among three kinds of temperature increasing rate except that ma bamboo charcoal showed larger ρ values in longitudinal direction under 1℃/min of temperature increasing rate condition. Bamboo charcoals showed larger values of conditioning hygroscopic capacity(effective adsorption capacity, %)at carbonization temperature of 1000℃ for moso bamboo charcoal, and carbonization temperature of 600℃~800℃ for ma bamboo charcoal. when the adsorption speed of curve expressed by the formula of A = A_0(1-e^(-kt)), coefficients of A_0 and k were the adsorption weight and adsorption speed until equilibrium condition, respectively. The larger A_0 showed at carbonization temperature of 1000℃ for moso bamboo and ma-bamboo charcoals. However, ma-bamboo charcoal was slightly larger than that of moso bamboo charcoal. Coefficient of k was showed no significant difference among various carbonized temperatures, and temperature increasing rates. Moso and Ma bamboo charcoals could maintained their original structure of vessel, parenchyma and fiber tissues, after carbonization treatment, when the carbonized temperature increased to 1200~1600℃. We could find the various shapes of crystals in the vessel lumen, and parenchyma walls. In which the crystals with spined-shape, granular-shape, flake-bar-shape could be found in moso-bamboo charcoals, and the circular-shape, rectangular-shape, multilayer-block-shape showed in ma bamboo charcoals. The main component of crystals was silica (Si). |
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