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題名 | 葉片分析診斷用於番荔枝肥培管理研究=Study of Using Leaf Nutritional Diagnosis on Custard Apple (Sugar Apple and Atemoya) Fertilizer Management |
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作者 | 張茂盛; 吳玉竹; | 書刊名 | 臺東區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷期 | 11 民89.12 |
頁次 | 頁25-47 |
分類號 | 435.39 |
關鍵詞 | 粗鱗種番荔枝; 鳳梨釋迦; 葉片營養濃度; Custard apple; Sugar apple; Atemoya; Leaf nutrient concentration; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 利用本場目前番荔枝葉片營養診斷分析之資料暫定葉片標準濃度值,作為推荐合理氮鉀肥用量並探討其對番荔枝果實產量及品質的關係,期建立完善的葉片營養濃度診斷標準,作為番荔枝果園肥培管理之依據。分別在臺東市6年生鳳梨釋迦(Atemoya µ A. cherimola×A. squamosa)果園及太麻里鄉10年生粗鱗番荔枝(Annona squamosa)果園進行本試驗。田間設計採逢機完全區集設計,四重複,每處理4株,處理項目為1.氮鉀肥暫定推荐量區(N₂K₂),2.氮肥增施25%區(N₃K₂),3.氮肥減施25%區(N₁K₂),4.鉀肥增施25%區(N₂K₃)及5.鉀肥減施25%區(N₂K₁)。三年來的試驗結果顯示,粗鱗番荔枝及鳳梨釋迦葉片N、P、K、Ca及Mg濃度之季節性變化趨勢大致一致。葉片N、P及K濃度隨著時間之增加而下降至2月最低。葉片Ca濃度則一直上昇至隔年2月最高。葉片Mg則較為平穩至隔年2月為最高。但因年度之不同其濃度高低略有差異。致於各月份之葉片氮鉀濃度似與氮鉀肥施用量之關係不大。不同氮鉀肥施用量對粗鱗番荔枝及鳳梨釋迦果實產量及品質之影響顯示,粗鱗種番荔枝之氮素合理推荐量為每年每株1,000g之處理(N₂)分別比750g(N₁)及1,250g(N₃)增產11-13%。鳳梨釋迦亦以氮素1,000g之處理(N₃)為合理用量,分別比800g(N₂)及600g(N₁)增產5-14%。而鉀肥施用量不論粗鱗番荔枝及鳳梨釋迦均以氧化鉀750-800g/pl/yr(K₁)之處理為合理用量,而1,000g(K₂)及1,250g(K₃)之高鉀施用量反而減產,其減產百分率為17-22%左右。番荔枝葉片營養分析診斷標準濃度範圍及採樣時期依據三年來之非結果枝第三或第四億片之營養濃度季節變化趨勢及其與果實產量之相關分析結果,以12月停稍後非結果枝第3或第4之葉片為適中,且相關性較其他月份為高,應為適當之採樣期。 |
英文摘要 | The range of accurate standard value of leaf nutritional diagnosis to guide the fertilizer management for custard apple was established in Taitung area based on the temporary standard value of leaf nutrient concentration collected in recent years. The experiments were conducted on 6 years old atemoya (Atemoya=A. cherimola×A. Squamosa) orchard at Taitung city and 10 year old sugar apple (Annona squamosa) orchard at Taimali. The experiment was conducted according to RCBD with five treatments and four replications. Four plants were considered as a single plot to represent one treatment. The treatments were given as N₂K₂ (control), N₃K₂ (N increased by 25%), N₁K₂ (N decreased by 25%), N₂K₁ (K₂O decreased by 25%), N₂K₃ (K₂O increased by 25%). The results showed that the trend of seasonal changes in leaf nutrient concentration of sugar apple and atemoya were consistent during the experiment of three years. The leaf concentration of N,P and K were generally decreased with time and reached lowest the level in Feb. and that of Ca and Mg increased with leaf age and highest in Feb. The change of leaf N and K concentration in each month did not correspond significantly with the amounts of N and K fertilizer application. The effect of the different amounts of N and K fertilizers on fruit yields and qualities of sugar apple and atemoya, indicated that 1000g N/ pl./yr. and 750-800g/K₂O/pl./yr. were the reasonable amounts for atemoya and sugar apple. According to the results of seasonal changes in leaf nutrient concentration and effect of different amounts of N and K on fruit yields and qualities of custard apple, the most suitable time to sample leaves were after the completion of vegetative flushing in Dec. 1-10, when the nutrient concentration of most leaf element have stabilized. The suitable leaf sampling position was either 3 rd or 4 th. leaf on non-fruiting shoot. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。