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題名 | 論福利國家的內在危機:從Offe與Hayek觀點的探討=On the Internal Crisis of Welfare State: The Critiques from Offe and Hayek |
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作者 | 郭俊巖; Kuo, Chun-yen; |
期刊 | 東吳社會工作學報 |
出版日期 | 20060600 |
卷期 | 14 民95.06 |
頁次 | 頁125-155 |
分類號 | 548.2 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 福利國家理論; 新馬克思主義; 新自由主義; Welfare state theory; Neo-marxism; Neo-liberalism; |
中文摘要 | 本文旨在探討什麼是「福利國家的內在危機」?在當代社會思潮中,以新馬克思主義與新自由主義對福利國家危機的討論最具代表性。首先,新馬克思主義福利國家論者Offe,從馬克思主義政治經濟學取向析論資本主義(商品化)無法與福利國家(去商品化)共存,但資本主義又不能沒有福利國家,乃福利國家內在危機之癥結所在。Offe指出福利國家作為因應資本主義社會的危機,其成功關鍵在於採用國家干預來維持資本主義經濟的運行;但其失敗要因,不僅在於國家干預無法真正解決資本主義經濟運行的深層矛盾,甚且在於國家干預帶給資本主義社會更多的危機,以至福利國家失靈在所難免。其次,新自由主義的主要代表人物Hayek,從認識論與自發秩序取向論證福利國家的內在危機,並指出福利國家的政策設計違反人類有限理性以至注定失靈,其後果勢必阻礙經濟繁榮、斬喪自由社會以及斷送個人自由。這兩個不同理論取向,對福利國家的內在危機分別有其獨特的見解,並影響福利國家理論的發展,因此有進一步深究的學術價值。 |
英文摘要 | The topic of the article is on what is ”the internal crisis of welfare state”. Among the contemporary thoughts, the neo-Marxism and the neo-liberalism are both the ones that pay more attention on the topic. First, Offe, the neo-Marxist welfare-state theorist, provided a creative explanation on the topic based upon the ”Marxist political economy” approach. According his explanation, although capitalism (commodification) couldn't co-exist with welfare state (de-commodification), it either couldn't exist without welfare state. Such contradiction was the crux of welfare state crisis. Offe considered that the success of welfare state as a solution to the crisis of capitalist society relied upon its application of state power into the intervention to the operation of capitalist market, but that its failure resulted from the inability of the state intervention to solve the internal contradiction of capitalism. Furthermore, the state intervention provoked so many crises in capitalist society that the failure of welfare state was also inevitable. Secondly, Hayek, one of the most important figures among the neo-liberalists, refuted the feasibility of welfare state based upon the epistemology and the theory of spontaneous order. According to his assertion, it was the epistemological faultiness and the breach of the principle of spontaneous order that drove the central planning programs such as welfare state trapped into the crisis. And as the result, the economical prosperity would be disrupted, and the personal liberty would also be violated. These two approach on the internal crisis of welfare state both have their own perspective, and also worth our further exploration. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。