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題名 | 水稻臺中秈10號不同生育期對引起淡黃化型白葉枯病之菌株反應=The Reaction of Taichung Sen No. 10 Rice Variety at Different Growth Stages to Pale-yellow Isolates of Xanthomonas Oryzae pv. Oryzae |
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作者 | 謝麗娟; 張義璋; 謝廷芳; Hsieh, Lih-jiuan; Chang, Yih-chang; Hsieh, Ting-fang; |
期刊 | 臺灣農業研究 |
出版日期 | 20060900 |
卷期 | 55:3 民95.09 |
頁次 | 頁201-211 |
分類號 | 434.111 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 生育期; 白葉枯病; 淡黃化型病徵; 急速萎凋型病徵; 溫度; Rice; Growth stages; Bacterial leaf blight of rice; Pale-yellow-leaf symptom; Kresek symptom; Temperature determination; |
中文摘要 | 西元2002年,在農試所試驗農場進行兩期作水稻臺中秈10號不同生育期對2株分離自葉枯型病株和3株分離自淡黃化型病株之白葉枯病菌菌株的反應試驗,分別在插秧時、分蘗期和孕穗期等三個生育期進行接種,插秧時幼苗分別以剪葉及浸根方式接種,分蘗期和孕穗期則以剪葉及噴霧方式接種。結果發現兩期作水稻於插秧時採浸根接種,除第二期作以葉枯型病徵分離之菌株XM 30接種後無枯死病株外,其餘處理均可出現kresek病徵,剪葉接種則均出現葉枯型病徵,但未見淡黃化型病株。兩期稻作於抽穗時再調查三個生育期接種之發病情形,結果顯示插秧時以浸根與剪葉接種處理均未出現葉枯型病徵,剪葉接種之幼株雖都呈現葉枯病徵,但當罹病葉枯死後,即不再產生葉枯型之新病葉;在分蘗期和孕穗期各以剪葉與噴霧接種處理時,所有菌株於兩期作都出現感病性葉枯型病徵。其中由淡黃化型病株分離之3株白葉枯病菌菌株,除第一期作插秧時之剪葉處理未產生黃化株外,其餘在兩期作插秧時和分蘗期之各二種接種處理,至抽穗期調查時都產生淡黃化型病徵;然而,兩期作的孕穗期經噴霧與剪葉處理時,均未出現淡黃化病株。另外,供試之2株分離自葉枯型白葉枯病株之菌株,以任何方式接種,均未能在三個生育期造成淡黃化型病徵,顯示菌株間之病原性存在差異性。綜合上述結果顯示,水稻早期於插秧和分蘗期感染才容易產生淡黃化型病徵,至孕穗期感染即不顯現該病徵。kresek和淡黃化型病徵皆屬於系統性病害,幼苗會產生kresek,成株則出現淡黃化型。另外,第一期作插秧時低溫接種會引起kresek急速萎凋型及淡黃化型病徵,因此推論高溫並非此二型病害發生之必要條件。 |
英文摘要 | The objectives of this study were to evaluate the susceptibility of Taichung sen 10 rice cultivar to the isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of rice, at the seedling, tillering and booting stages. The rice plants were inoculated with bacterial suspension by root-dipping and leaf-clipping methods at the seedling stage, with leaf-clipping and spraying methods at the tillering and booting stages. Totally five isolates of X. oryzae pv. oryzae were used for inoculation, of which 2 isolates were isolated from plants with leaf blight symptoms and 3 isolates from plants with pale-yellow-leaf symptoms. The experiments were conducted in two continuant crops of 2002 at the experimental field of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute. Results showed that the seedlings inoculated by the root-dipping method before transplanting in both crops appeared kresek symptoms (death of whole seedlings), except seedlings inoculated with XM 30 isolate in the 2^(nd) crop. Meanwhile, the seedlings inoculated by leaf-clipping method showed leaf blight symptoms in both crops. However, all bacterial isolates didn’t induce pale-yellow-leaf symptoms of inoculated rice plants by both inoculation methods. Disease survey was done at the heading stage after inoculation at the three different growth stages of rice in two crops. Leaf blight symptom was not observed when seedlings inoculated by both methods before transplanting. However, leaf-blight symptoms were observed on the inoculated plants when inoculations were conducted at tillering and booting stages by both methods and in both two crops. Meanwhile, all of the 3 pale-yellow-leaf isolates induced pale-yellow-leaf symptoms on inoculated rice plants at the heading stage when inoculations were done at transplanting and tillering stages by both methods in both crops, except inoculation at the seedling stage by leaf-clipping method in the first crop. In addition, the pale-yellow-leaf symptoms were not found on rice plants inoculated at the booting stage by both methods. Besides, none of the leaf-blight isolates caused pale-yellow-leaf symptoms by all tested methods at all growth stages. These results indicated that the virulence of different types of pathova of the bacterium was different, and symptoms of pale-yellow-leaf were only induced by infection at the earlier stages, such as at the seedling and tillering stages. Both kresek and pale-yellow-leaf symptoms were due to the systemic infection with bacterial pathogen. The kresek symptoms were observed at the seedling stage, whereas the pale-yellow-leaf symptoms on mature plants. In addition, both kresek and pale-yellow-leaf symptoms occurred under lower temperature at the first crop in Taiwan. This indicated that high temperature was not the necessary for induction of these two types of disease symptoms on rice plants. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。