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題名 | 以地下水歷線分析法評估濁水溪沖積扇之地下水收支=Evaluating the Groundwater Budget of the Choshuichi Groundwater Basin by Groundwater-Hydrograph Analysis |
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作 者 | 江崇榮; 黃智昭; 陳瑞娥; | 書刊名 | 經濟部中央地質調查所彙刊 |
卷期 | 19 民95.09 |
頁次 | 頁61-89 |
分類號 | 351.85 |
關鍵詞 | 濁水溪沖積扇; 地下水補注量; 地下水抽水量; 地下水蓄水量; 地下水流失量; 地下水歷線分析; 地下水收支; Choshuichi groundwater basin; Groundwater recharge; Groundwater withdrawal; Groundwater storage; Groundwater loss; Groundwater-hydrograph analysis; Groundwater budget; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 每年約10月起至次年1月止,濁水溪沖積扇乾季地下水歷線之退水線,呈穩定之直線(L),其斜率可代表全年之穩定抽水率;2月至3月之乾季地下水歷線之退水線,則呈另一較大斜率之直線(M),其斜率代表穩定抽水率加上水稻灌溉抽水率;利用上述直線之斜率可估算出全年之穩定抽水量(Qp₁)和一、二期作水稻灌溉之抽水量(Qp₂+Qp₃)。此外,以10月至次年1月之乾季退水線(L)之平行線,將各次退水線往後延伸至上升歷線頂點下,延伸線與歷線頂點之垂直差距代表各次之補注量,加總可得全年補注量(Qr)。歷線在年底與年初之垂直差距,則代表全年蓄水變化量(Qs)。最後,應用簡單水平衡式,Qr=(Qp₁+Qp₂+Qp₃)+Qℓ+Qs,可計算出地下水之流失量(Q□)。地下水歷線分析法評估結果,88、89及90年之年抽水量依次約13.65、14.58、11.73億立方公尺,補注量依次約15.36、15.34和15.30億立方公尺,蓄水變化量依次約-1.33、-0.94和1.17億立方公尺,水平衡公式計算得流失量依次為3.04、1.70和2.40億立方公尺。 |
英文摘要 | In the Choshuichi Groundwater Basin, from October to next January, the dry season recession limb of groundwater hydrograph always approaches a straight line (L) which represents the groundwater withdrawal for yearly demand. From February to March, the dry season recession limb of groundwater hydrograph approaches another straight line (M) with a higher slope, which represents groundwater withdrawal for yearly steady demand plus seasonal rice-paddy irrigation. The yearly steady groundwater withdrawal (Q p₁) and seasonal rice-paddy withdrawal (Q p₂、Q p₃) can be evaluated by multiplying the slope of straight lines by respective pumping durations. The parallel of first straight line (L) was used to elongate the recession limbs to the dates on which the peaks of the rise occurred. These elongations represent the recession of the hydrogaph had there been no recharges. The vertical differences between the peaks and elongated lines equal to groundwater recharges and can be summed up as an annual recharge (Qr). The difference between the hydrogaph level of the last day and that of the first day in one year equals to the change of storage (Qs). Using a simple groundwater-budget equation, Qr=(Q p₁+Q p₂+Q p₃) +Qℓ+Qs, the only unknown item, the groundwater loss (Qℓ), can be estimated. The results of the hydrograph analysis and the groundwater-budget estimation show that in the years 1999, 2000 and 2001, the annual withdrawal is 13.65×10 m³, 14.58×10 m³, and 11.73×10 m³, the annual recharge is 15.36×10 m³, 15.34×10 m³, and 15.30×10 m³, the annual change of storage is -1.33×10 m³, -0.4×10 m³, and 1.17×10 m³, the annual groundwater loss is 3.04×10 m³,1.70×10 m³, and 2.40×10 m³ respectively. |
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