頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 孔子對社會和諧的人格訴求及其啟示=Confucius' "Personality" Seeking for the Harmonious Society and the Enlightenment |
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作 者 | 楊秀香; | 書刊名 | 儒教文化研究 |
卷 期 | 7 2007.02[民96.02] |
頁 次 | 頁139-155 |
分類號 | 121.23 |
關鍵詞 | 孔子; 社會和諧; 和諧人格; 仁; 中庸; Confucius; Social harmony; Harmonious character; Benevolence; The doctrine of mean; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 孔子生活在春秋時期,主張以復為根植,塑造和諧人格行為以為用來治亂、“救世”、挽救危機。以“復禮”調和階級才盾、實現社會和諧是一種現實悖謬。所以,他不得不用“仁”來補充禮。“仁”的引入使禮要達到的“制中”、“和為貴”的社會目標找到新的實現途徑,這就是塑造和諧人格。就和諧人格而言,“中庸”和“仁”是一致的:和諧人格在行為的層面上表現為中庸,在心理的層面上則是仁,中庸和仁互為表里。在制度失靈的情況下,塑造具有協調性的和諧人格,對於“救世”、治亂而言不失為一種可行的選擇。孔子以致力和諧人格的塑造作為“救世”、治亂的政治措施現實的失敗了。但卻為後人留下了寶貴的思想資源,對這一資源的利用形成了中國文化傳統的二個重要特徵:行仁政和重責任,正是這兩個方面保証了中國封建社會幾好年的穩定發展。孔子關於和諧人格的思想是我們今天構建和諧社會的寶貴的歷史資源。 |
英文摘要 | Confucius, who lived in the Spring and Autumn Period, advocates that “Revival of Rites” is of fundamental importance and that by that mean the shaping of harmonious personal consummation and behavior is pivotal to “salvation”, national stability, and the redeeming of social crisis. It is actually a fallacy against the reality by using ‘Revival of Rites’ as remedy to reconcile class contradictions and realize social harmony. Therefore, he had to introduce “Benevolence” to supplement “Rites”. The introducing of ‘Benevolence’ provides a new approach to achieve the social target of “Zhi Zhong” (keeping average position, the doctrine of mean) and “He Wei Gui” (Peace is precious), which is the way of shaping harmonious character. As far as the harmonious character is concerned, “the doctrine of mean” is conformable with “benevolence”: harmonious character manifests itself as “the doctrine of mean” in behavior, and is expressed as ‘benevolence’ in psychology, i.e. “the doctrine of mean” and “benevolence” are interdependent. In the situation where the social system failed, the measure of shaping the harmonious personal consummation and behavior could be a feasible option to “salvation” and the national political stability. With the aim to “salvation” and national stability, Confucius dedicated himself to the political measures of shaping harmonious personal consummation and behavior. Although these measures failed, he left us the invaluable resource of the thoughts and concepts that can be used for the later generation, which presents two important characters in Chinese culture: ‘practice benevolence’ and ‘undertake responsibility’. It is these two concepts that ensured that stability and survival of Chinese feudal society for thousands of years. Therefore, Confucius’ thought on harmonious character is considered as the valuable historical resource of building the harmonious society nowadays. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。