頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 妊娠民俗與禁忌之研究=A Study on Customs and Prohibitions of Pregnancy |
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作 者 | 鐘珮煖; | 書刊名 | 樹人學報 |
卷期 | 4 民95.07 |
頁次 | 頁17-33 |
分類號 | 298.4 |
關鍵詞 | 胎教; 胎神; 懷孕民俗; 巫術; 禁忌; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 先民對於孕婦流產、難產、出生殘缺兒童等無從作出科學的解釋,因而產生相應的禁忌與巫術行為,藉由這些禁忌與巫術行為達到安胎、養胎與胎教的目的。關於孕婦的禁忌,大致可分為行為禁忌、飲食禁忌、心情和環境三方面。在行為禁忌方面,如懷孕期間不可搬家、不能移動任何傢俱、不可在室內任何地方釘東西。在飲食禁忌方面,如不可食用兔肉,以免生出有兔唇的嬰兒、不能吃生薑,以防生小的嬰兒有六指。在心情的調適方面,不可愁眉苦臉,以免「苦瓜母生苦瓜子」,強調母親在身心方面都影響著胎兒。 民俗中的「胎神」沒有具體形象、沒有性別、沒有廟宇、沒有神蹟、甚至沒有名字、也不受民眾的膜拜;其「神」的概念,與神仙的概念不同,比較像是指胎兒的元神,與胎兒的生命相連。胎神另一個概念是胎兒之外的超自然存在,它可以是具有保護作用的「正神」與造成傷害的「煞神」,故「胎神」常被稱為「胎煞」。胎神的活動範圍遍及孕婦的四周,尤其是在臥室,但不一定固定在哪個位置。若在懷孕期間不小心傷到胎神,便會傷害到胎兒,民間試圖透過「胎神」的觀念。解釋孕婦流產或生下殘缺胎兒的緣由。 胎孕禁忌與巫術是民眾生活的一部份,長久以來被視為理所當然,具有相當程度的宗教色彩。透過胎孕民俗的考察、分類及敘述,進一步分析其內部的因果聯想與相似聯想的內涵及其特性,可以釐清胎孕民俗的淵源,並由此建構胎孕民俗的文化論述。 |
英文摘要 | The primitive people did not make scientific expalnations on miscarriage, dystocia, damaged fetuses, and three came prohibitions exorcism for the purpose of fetal sedative, nurturing and teaching. The prohibitions of pregnant women can be divided into behavior prohibitions, food prohibitions, as well as mind and environment. In terms of behavior prohibitions, pregnanat woman cannot move out, cannot move furniture, cannot use nails, etc. In terms of food prohibitions, pregnant woman cannot eat rabbits lest that babies should have harelips, cannot eat ginger lest there should be six fingers on one hand. In terms of mind, pregnant women cannot weat sad face, lest that babies should be also sad. All of these are saying that pregnant women will affect fetuses on all aspects. In customs, fetal gods have no figure, no sex, no temples, no miracles, no name, and no worship. It is different than the concept of gods. It is referred to the spirit of babies and related to the lives of babies. On the other hand, it is referred to some supernatural existence. This can be a protective being as well as a harmful being. fetal gods are also called fetal sha (煞). It is around pregnant women. It cannot be spotted, and yet it is in the bedroom of pregnant women. If fetal gods are offended during pregnancy, fetuses will be harmed. The concept of fetal gods is used to explanation of miscarriage and damaged fetuses. The prohibitions and oxorcism of pregnancy have been merged into people's daily life and taken for granted for a long time. They have been made religious to some extent. With pregnancy customs investigated, classified and narrated to analyze the cause and effect as well as meanings, the customs can be understood, and a cultural discourse of pregnacy customs can be established. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。