頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 黃河水沙特徵及調水調沙下的入海水沙通量變化=Hydraulics and Sediment Characteristics of the Yellow River and the Impact of Flow and Sediment Regulation on the Discharge and Sediment Flux to the Sea |
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作 者 | 王棟; 潘少明; 吳吉春; 朱慶平; | 書刊名 | 地理學報 |
卷期 | 44 民95.06 |
頁次 | 頁55-65 |
分類號 | 443.6485 |
關鍵詞 | 水沙基本特徵; 調水調沙; 入海水沙通量; 利津; 黃河; Basic characteristics of water and sediment; Water and sediment diversion; Water and sediment flux into sea; Lijin station; The Yellow River; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 歷史上,黃河尊為「四瀆之宗」、「中華民族的母親河」;同時,黃河又稱為「中華民族的憂患」,被為是世界上最複雜、最難治理的河流。如今,黃河還是世界大河中受人類活動影響最為強烈的一條河流。治先治水,黃河安危歷來是治興邦的大事。治黃多年來所取得的巨大成就有目共睹。但20世紀90年代以來,黃河又產生了入海通量銳咸、河道斷流、生態環境惡、河槽急劇萎縮等問題,迫切需要採取新理念和新實踐來治理黃河。自2002至2005年,水利部黃河水利委員會已連續每年進行調水調沙,這是一種新型的更加直接和更加強烈的人類活動。為及時對實施調水調沙所產生的新問題進行科研探索,以有助於深化對黃河水沙特和規律的認識並為其他大河的水沙研提供參考,在歸納黃河水沙5個基本特徵的基礎上,回顧了黃涃的調水調沙試驗,分析表明:調水調沙在很短時段內就直接影響了入海水沙通量的巨大變化;利津站同水位流量逐年增大,同流量水位逐年降低,河槽過洪能力逐年增強。 |
英文摘要 | In history, the Yellow River nurtures the glorious Chinese civilization. It is respected as the “ancestor of the four large rivers” and praised as “the mother river of the China.” At the same time, the Yellow River is regarded as “the misery of the China” and considered as the most difficult and complex river to control. Today the Yellow River is also one large river greatly influenced by the human activities in the world. It is always said that regulating rives and watercourse must come before governing the country. The safety of the Yellow River is always the greatest thing for the development of the country. The great achievement has been acquired after many years of controlling the Yellow River. However, since the 1990s, some new problems occurred, such as a sharp reduction of water flux into sea, dry riverway, worsened environment and rapidly shrinking riverbed. The new concepts and new practices are urgently needed to control the Yellow River. The Yellow River Conservancy committee of Ministry of Water Resources has continuously carried out the test of water and sediment diversion each year from 2002 to 2005. This is a kind of new, more direct and stronger human activities. This study is designed to research the timely issues produced after water and sediment diversion, to deepen our understanding of rules for the Yellow River’s water and sediment, and to provide the reference and experience to the water and sediment flux’ research for the estuaries of other large rivers. It begins by summarizing the five basic characteristics of the Yellow River’s water and sediments: lack of water, much sediment, different resources of water and sediment, inconsistent between water and sediment, sink switching and route changing frequently. The Yellow River’s water and sediment diversion is also reviewed. Under water and sediment diversion, the variation of the water and sediment flux into sea changes greatly in a short time. Year after year from 2002 to 2005, the statistics collected at the Lijin station shows that discharge with the same stage increases, stage with the same discharge decreases and the carrying capacity of the channel enlarges. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。