頁籤選單縮合
題名 | WTO美國高地棉補貼案之研究=An Assessment of the WTO Ruling on U.S. Upland Cotton Subsidies |
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作者姓名(中文) | 張南薰; | 書刊名 | 經社法制論叢 |
卷期 | 38 民95.07 |
頁次 | 頁99-139 |
分類號 | 558.2 |
關鍵詞 | 高地棉; 農業補貼; 農業協定; 補貼暨平衡稅措施協定; 和平條款; Upland cotton; Subsidies; SCM; Agreement on agriculture; Peace clause; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 巴西於2002年9月,針對美國對高地棉所採取的若干補貼措施,在WTO架構下,向美國提出諮商請求,並在諮商無結論的情形下,向WTO爭端解決機構提出控訴。本案於2005年3月21日,被爭端解決機構裁定違反WTO協定。其中二項措施違反SCM協定之禁止性補貼規定,四項措施違反了SCM協定可控訴補貼之規定。此一裁定迫使美國農業部長向國會提出農業法案之修正案,其中包括廢除若干涉及違反禁止性補貼之措施及取消出口信用保證費用上限等,不但對美國的農業政策產生重大影響,對於開發中國家與已開發國家在農業補貼議題的談判上,亦投下震撼彈。本文擬就本案的事實及相關爭點做一詳細的介紹,並就小組及上訴機構的見解加以整理並提出分析,希望透過案例的分析,進一步瞭解WTO架構下農業補貼之合法性為何及其界限。 |
英文摘要 | In September 2002, the Brazil requested consultations with the United States within the context of dispute settlement procedures of the World Trade Organization concerning "certain subsidies provided to United States producers, users and exporters of upland cotton". Because of not reaching the satisfied result, Brazil requested the establishment of a dispute settlement panel in February 2003, and the most significant agricultural trade case to this point in the World Trade Organization ("WTO") had officially begun. Nineteen months later, the Panel issued its report in the case. The report was called "mixed" by the United States, a significant victory by Brazil, and "not supportable" by U.S. cotton interests. The Panel found against the United States cotton program on a number of major points challenged by Brazil, setting the stage for a tense and important appeal for both countries and for the WTO. This article will provide a brief overview of this dispute the Panel's decision and attempt to outline the battleground over which this dispute was fought, provide a highlight of the issues at stake, and emphasize the most decisive and critical aspects of the Panel Report. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。