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題名 | 走向「功能制衡」(Functionalist)還是「形式分權」(Formalist)?--以美國憲法「權力分立」案例為核心=Toward the Functionalist or the Formalist?--Case Study on "The Separation of Powers" in American Constitutional Law. |
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作者姓名(中文) | 項程華; | 書刊名 | 僑光技術學院通觀洞識學報 |
卷期 | 4 民94.08 |
頁次 | 頁67-77 |
分類號 | 589.952 |
關鍵詞 | 美國憲法; 權力分立; 形式分離; 功能制衡; Constitution; Separation of powers; Functionalist; Formalist; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 「權力分立」理論下「分權」與「制衡」的概念,由於所強調的重點不同,彼此間在體制建構上也產生了衝突之處。Formalist對政府抱持著防弊的心態,主張將權力分散,削弱各部門的力量,所以,Formalist反對彈性設計政府組織,讓政府部門的權力無法加以混合。Functionalist對政府的態度是建立在積極之上,因此允許政府組織彈性設計,因此容許權力的適度混合。美國最高法院在面對美國憲法及社會變遷時的態度:一方面維護憲法遵守憲法的規定,使憲法的拘束力呈現出來,另一方面又積極的回應社會變遷,賦予憲法新的生命力。就我國而言,其實應該更加探討美國最高法院發展出這個理論的苦心意旨,而反省我國大法官未來應有的功能。 |
英文摘要 | Under the theory of “the Formalist” are afraid the government will indulge in corrupt practices, so they advocate the theory of separating powers and cripple the power of each department, “the Formalist” are against the flexibly designed governmental organization and they do not wish the mixed power of government power. The attitudes that the American Superme Court keeps the regulations in the constitutional laws in order to present the constraining force of Amerian Constitutional Law; on the other hand, the Supreme Court holds active reaction to the changes of society. So far as our country is concerned, we should take the stands of the American Supreme Court against this theory and think about what roles judges shall take in the future. |
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