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題 名 | 桃芝颱風所引起土石流對人工林臺灣杉性質之影響=Influence of Taiwania Plantation Trees Properties by Toraji Typhoon Debris Flow |
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作 者 | 王松永; 張上鎮; 陳勁豪; 鄭森松; 林法勤; 洪崇彬; | 書刊名 | 國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告 |
卷 期 | 19:4=250 民94.12 |
頁 次 | 頁261-269 |
分類號 | 436.18 |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣杉; 土石流; 胸高直徑; 年輪寬; 氣相層析-質譜儀; 超音波速; Taiwania cryptomerioides; Debris flows; DBH; Tree rings; GC-MS; Ultrasonic wave velocity; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗為瞭解土石流對人工林台灣杉性質之影響效應,以2001年7月29-30日桃芝颱風所帶來豪雨,造成溪頭營林區之土石流,對台灣杉(Taiwania Cryptomerioide, Taiwania)造林地之衝擊為例,於2003年7-8月間,利用非破壞檢測技術來檢驗土石流對林木材質之影響,並經由精油成分分析,究明不同程度土石流侵襲的人工林台灣杉葉子之精油收率及成分的變化之影響。 依照靠近土石流區的近到遠每隔5公尺設寬5公尺的帶狀A、B、C樣區共3區,C樣區為離土石流區最遠者。結果得知平均胸高直徑以樣區A(31.8cm)>B(30.1cm)>C(28.2cm)。經向與縱向超音波速(Vt, V(下標 L))均以樣區C>B>A,C樣區顯著的較大。土石流對不同流域位置之上段、中段、末段三區林木的衝擊,Vt值無顯著差異,V(下標 L)值則以A樣區的上段區較大。平均年輪寬方面,A樣區於土石流發生當年,即發生窄年輪;B樣區及C樣區於當年發生窄年輪後,隔年仍有遲延效應。 A、B及C樣區葉子精油收率分別為0.10%、0.16%及0.18%,經氣相層析-質譜儀(GC-MS)分析鑑定,發現三區的葉子精油主成分均為δ-Cadinene,相對含量分別為20.31%、25.39%及28.49%。表示當台灣杉造林木愈靠近土石流源頭時(A樣區),其葉子精油收率和主成分含量較低,即桃芝颱風所引起之土石流對台灣杉葉子精油收率和主成分含量會有影響。 |
英文摘要 | The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of Toraji typhoon debris flow in July 29-30, 2001 on the properties of Taiwania plantation trees in Sitou Tract, Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University. In the study, three plots (A, B, C) were setup, depended on the distance to debris flows, to sample trees based on three different damage levels. Nondestructive test method was also applied on the evaluation of wood properties in July and August, 2003 and the component and yield of the essential oil of leaves were analyzed to understand the influences of debris flow. Results shown that average DBH of three plots varied as A>B>C, however, both their transversal and longitudinal ultrasonic wave velocities (Vt and V(subscript L)) at the DBH position were C>B>A and both the transversal and longitudinal velocities of C plots is significantly different from those of A and B plots. The greater distance to the boundary of debris flow, the larger DBH and the lower ultrasonic wave velocity were found. With respect to difference among upper, middle, and lower area of plots along the debris flow, the longitudinal velocities for trees were significantly influenced in the upper area than those from middle and lower area of the A plot. The narrow ring width was occurred in the A plot in 2001, as in B and C plots. However, it continued in both B and C plots in the next year. Results also shown that the yields of essential oils from the leaves of Taiwania in the A, B, and C plots were 0.10%, 0.16%, and 0.18%, respectively. In addition, the major content of three essential oil were identified as δ-cadinene by using GC-MS, and its relative content was 20.31%, 25.39%, and 28.49%, respectively. These results revealed that both the yields of essential oil and relative content of their major constituent were significantly influenced by the debris flows. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。