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題名 | 隨機作答模式於敏感性問題之一般化研究=A Generalized Study of Sensitive Problems by Using Randomized Response Model |
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作者 | 王智立; 蔡宛容; | 書刊名 | 銘傳學刊 |
卷期 | 15 民95.05 |
頁次 | 頁95-106 |
分類號 | 540.19 |
關鍵詞 | 敏感性問題; 隨機作答模式; 比例估計; Sensitive question; Randomized response; Estimation of a Proportion; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 在許多問卷訪問過程中,若探討的是主題牽涉到敏感性特質時,受訪者往往會基於保護個人隱私或種種心理因素,而產生拒絕回答或不誠實回答的情形,也導致訪員收集到的資料會產生誤差。為了解決此情形,Warner (1965)首先提出隨機作答模式(Randomized Response Model),期望藉由隨機作答模式的方式來獲得可靠的資料以推論敏感性群體比例,除此之外,還可保護受訪者的隱私進而降低受訪者不誠實回答的機率。此後許多學者也提出了其他的隨機作答程序改良Warner (1965)模式,其最主要的目的皆在於能更準確的估計敏感性問題的效率。其中Greenberg et al. (1969)提出無關聯問題模式(Unrelated-Question Model),改善Warner (1965)模式中兩個問題皆具敏感性的疑慮,而Christofides (2003)延伸Warner(1965)模式提出了廣義的隨機作答模式,讓受訪者不需直接回答「是」與「否」,藉以降低不誠實回答的機率。本文考慮將延伸Christofides (2003)所提出的隨機作答模式,並與Creenberg et al. (1969)的無關聯問題模式作合併,進而提出新的隨機作答模式,文中將可找出敏感性比例的估計量與其變異數。此外,本文將進行一連串的資料模擬,比較在不同參數設計下,本文模式之估計量的效率比較;此外,文中亦說明Warner (1965)與Christofides (2003)模式皆為本文所提模式的特例(special case)。 |
英文摘要 | In the process of many questionnaires, if the topic of study is involves in sensitive characteristics, the participant usually resists or reply untruthfully It is because of hiding the actual characteristic and protecting the individual privacy or all sorts of psychological factor. The bias is caused by these dischonest replies and these dishonest replies often plate out of true. In order to solve this problem, Warner (1965) first proposed “Randomized Response Model”, and he helps to obtain the reliable data to deduce proportion of the sensitive group by executing this model. Besides, it may raise the protection of participants and reduce the probability which the participant untruthful replied. After that, many scholars also proposed other models to improve Warner (1965) model, the main idea is to estimate the efficiency of the sensitive characteristics accurately. Greenberg et al. (1969) proposes Unrelated-Question model, to improve the two questions which both have the senstivie anxiety in Warner (1965) model. Christofides (2003) proposed generalized randomized response which extended Warner (1965) model. The participant doesn't have to answer 「yes」 and 「no」 directly, and reduces the sensitive level of the participant. This article extends Christofides (2003) model and considers making up Christofides (2003) model and Greenberg et al. (1969) Unrelated-Question model, and proposed an alternative randomized response model. In this paper, we can find the estimator and variance of sensitive proportion. The model includes Warner (1965) and Christofides (2003) methods as special cases for a specific choice of the parameters. In addition, a simulating data for the variance of the proposed estimator will be presented. |
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