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題名 | A Reflection of Pneumatic Breakwater=對空氣防波堤的省思 |
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作 者 | 梁乃匡; | 書刊名 | 海洋工程學刊 |
卷期 | 6:1 民95.04 |
頁次 | 頁85-99 |
分類號 | 443.31 |
關鍵詞 | 氣泡幕; 表面海流; 碎波; 氣管深度; Air bubble screen; Surface current; Wave breaking; Air tube depth; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | The pneumatic breakwater was a popular harbor engineering topic during the first two thirds of the twentieth century. Although it has some merits over the traditional breakwater, such as short construction time, low construction cost, less environmental impact, etc., due to the low wave damping for longer period waves and high maintenance costs, the pneumatic breakwater is still not really used. In this paper 5 literatures on the pneumatic breakwater are reviewed and a revised Kobus (1973) 2D air bubble screen theory is proposed. There were consensuses and controversies involving the wave damping mechanisms. It is obvious that a deeper air tube depth produces a better wave damping effect. Field experiments using larger air tube depth are recommended. Offshore terminals and shelf-mounted OTEC platforms, where the water depths are usually large, may use the pneumatic breakwater in the future. |
英文摘要 | 在二十世紀中葉,空氣防波堤曾經熱烈地探討過,雖然它有一些傳統防波堤所沒有的優點,如工期短、建設成本低、對環境影響小等,但至今尚未真正被港灣工程採用過。其原因是,對較長週期波浪消波效果差,空氣流量需求高,長期使用的維護費高。如果在一些不能用傳統防波堤的地點,又不是經常使用,就可以再考慮它了。本文將回顧五篇相關論文,及提出修改Kobus一九七三年的二維氣泡幕引起的流量公式。發現對氣泡幕的消波機制,有一致與矛盾的看法。然而,顯然大氣管深度的消波效果較好,因此建議進行較大氣管深度的現場試驗。對無遮蔽的外海深水碼頭或棚基式海洋溫差發電平台而言,傳統防波堤不可行,如要提高使用率,可考慮在波浪稍大時,啟動空氣防波堤。 |
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