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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | Hormonal Control of Phase Polyphenism in Locusts=飛蝗發育多型性之荷爾蒙調控 |
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作者 | Tanaka, Seiji; | 書刊名 | 臺灣昆蟲 |
卷期 | 25:3 民94.09 |
頁次 | 頁131-143 |
分類號 | 387.751 |
關鍵詞 | 黑化誘導激素; 青春激素; 發育多型性; 飛蝗; Corazonin; Juvenile hormone; Phase polyphenism; Locusts; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 將近一世紀前,Uvarov(1921)提出發育多型性理論之後,陸續累積許多有關飛蝗的發育型改變及大發生的機制資訊。雖然經過許多早期學者的戮力研究,但是在荷爾蒙控制的體色及型態變化方面,仍不甚清楚。直到最近利用Locusta migratoria白化品系建立的生物檢定系統,從L. migratoria及Schistocerca gregaria身上萃取出,引起黑體色的神經胜肽和corazonin是相同的。注射corazonin,不但可以引起不同獨居型若蟲體色變化,也能表現出群聚型若蟲體色特有的黑色和橙色(不管飼育的若蟲密度)。並且在獨居型若蟲注射corazonin,會引起型態特徵的改變(體型及觸角的感覺器)與這二種飛蝗的群聚型成蟲相似。這些結果建議corazonin可能在飛蝗發育型相關之特徵調控上,扮演重要角色。 |
英文摘要 | Uvarov (1921) proposed the phase polymorphism theory almost a century ago. Since then much information has accumulated on the mechanisms of outbreaks and phase changes in locusts. In spite of the intensive studies by many pioneer researchers, the hormonal control of phase-related variations in body color and morphological traits remained obscure until recently. Using an albino strain of Locusta migratoria as a bioassay system, the dark-color inducing neuropeptides extracted from L. migratoria and Schistocerca gregaria were determined to be identical to Scham-corazonin. Injection of this neuropeptide not only induces various solitarious body colors but also black and orange coloration characteristically observed in gregarious nymphs of L. migratoria irrespective of the rearing density. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that injection of corazonin causes solitarious locusts to develop morphological characters (body dimensions and antennal sensilla) similar to those observed for gregarious adults in the two locust species. These results suggest that corazonin may play an important role in the control of phase-related characters in locusts. |
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