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題名 | 複合趨向補語在宋代的發展:以《朱子語類》作為考察=Development of Complex Deictic Complement in the Sung Dynasty -- a Study of Zhuzi Yulei |
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作者姓名(中文) | 王錦慧; | 書刊名 | 國文學報 |
卷期 | 37 民94.06 |
頁次 | 頁49-90 |
分類號 | 802.632 |
關鍵詞 | 宋代; 複合趨向補語; 朱子語類; The Sung dynasty; Complex deictic complement; Zhuzi Yulei; Records of Zhu Xi's lectures; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 唐五代是複合趨向補語的形成期,宋代進入成熟期。本文以《朱子語類》作為考察,將複合趨向補語形式分為VC1C2、VOC1C2、VC1OC2、VC2C2O、將/把OVC1C2五種來探討。VC1C2式所搭配的動詞類型由具體到抽象、動態到靜態,呈現複合趨向補語「趨向-結果-狀態」的語法化過程。VC1OC2比VOC1C2、VC1C2O流行,主要是「來」、「去」不先於賓語的語意屬性與詞彙複音化的趨勢所產生。出現賓語的四種形式語意表達重點不同,可以言談功用中「從舊到新」的原則加以解釋。各類複合趨向補語在《朱子語類》中使用頻率有所差距,顯現各類的發展有時間先後之別,其中「出來」在《朱子語類》中最為活躍。 |
英文摘要 | The complex deictic complement was developed in the late Tang Dynasty and became mature in the Sung Dynasty. This article studies its development based on Zhuzi Yulei (朱子語類, Records of Zhu Xi's Lectures). Accordingly, the complex deictic complement waw divided into five categories: namely, VC1C2, VOC1C2, VC1OC2, VC1C2O, and Jian(將)/Ba(把)+OVC1C2. The type of verbs that combined with C1C2 ranged from concrete to abstract, from active to static, demonstrating the process of “deictic-results-status” that complex deictic complement evolved as a kind of syntax. The syntax pattern of VC1OC2 was more prevail than that of VOC1C2 and VC1C2O. It was primarily due to the semantic attribute of the deictic complement such as “來”(coming) and “去”(going) that would not proceed the objects and due to the inclination of compound phone in Chinese. Syntax patterns combined with objects put emphasis on different semantic expressions by the function of conversation. The frequency of using complex deictic complement varied in Zhuzi Yulei. It was probably due to the time sequence in which these complements were developed. In Zhuzi Yulei, “出來”(literally means “coming out”; however, it serves as deictic complement in Chinese) was most frequently used. |
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