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題 名 | 組織再造與憲政改革--監察院的功成與轉型=Reinventing Organization and Constitutional Reform: The Achievement and Transformation of the Control Yuan |
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作 者 | 鄭錫鍇; | 書刊名 | 國家政策季刊 |
卷 期 | 4:2 民94.06 |
頁 次 | 頁173-196 |
分類號 | 573.82 |
關鍵詞 | 組織再造; 政府再造; 憲政改革; 監察院; 監察使; Reinventing government; Reengineering; Ombudsman; Constitutional reform; Constitutional amendments; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 監察院為我國五權機關之一,其制度起源最早可追溯自秦、漢時代的御史台,當代監察院制度除因循傳統歷史外,亦受制於孫中山先生的遺教。監察院的高度獨立性是我國憲法的最大特色之一,它與西方的監察使 (ombudsman) 制度類似,但卻是平行發展。監察院設置以來雖發揮一定程度澄清吏治、察弊舉奸的功能,但也造成功能重疊、五權關係混亂及「只拍蒼蠅、不打老虎」的嘲諷,在歷次修憲中,其地位與功能漸朝向去國會化、本土化、專業化的方向調整,但是否維持五權獨立地位,一直是各方政治勢力在憲改工程中的角力焦點。一九八○年代以來世界各民主先進國家紛紛以「新公共管理」(new public management)精神導引各項行政革新與政府改造運動,這股再造運動的影響多侷限在行政層面,但「存在不一定合理」的再造主張,在我國似乎亦衝擊到憲改層次,過去中央民意代表全面改選、凍省、總統民選與單一國會的成功再造經驗,已累積充足的再造資本與修憲信心,監察院的地位與功能在下一波的憲改工程中是否將進行更激進的改造?值得探討。本文擬從新公共管理所引起的政府再造風潮,論述其對我國憲政改革的衝擊,其次,論述組織再造與憲政再造途徑的辯證性;並對監察院的地位、功能與角色進行分析與檢討,並進一步探討影響監察院未來變革方向的因素,最後提出結論。 |
英文摘要 | The Control System in China began more than two thousand years ago in Chin and Han dynasties. The Founding Father of the Republic China, Dr. Sun Yat-Sen advocated a five power constitution including traditional highly independent control power. The modern constitutional Control Yuan was first organized on June 5 in 1948. The system of Control Yuan of the Republic China is similar to ombudsman system in Western democracies which is responsible to Parliament. The Control Yuan has been challenged repeatedly to its function and constitutional status by certain political power. With the impact of widespread spirits of reengineering and reinventing government on constitutional reform the role and function of the Control Yuan have been transformed in the six constitutional amendments during 1990-2000. This study examined the achievement and changing role of the Control Yuan and discussed its possible transformation in the future. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。