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題名 | 英國文官體制與民主政治:一個以內部勞動市場為基礎的理論建構=British Civil Service and Democratic Politics: A Theoretical Construct Based on the Theory of Internal Labor Market (ILM) |
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作者 | 王輝煌; 駱益群; Wang, Huei-huang; Lou, I-chiung; |
期刊 | 臺灣國際研究季刊 |
出版日期 | 20050600 |
卷期 | 1:2 民94.夏 |
頁次 | 頁159-209 |
分類號 | 571.414 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 內部勞動市場; 封閉性組織; 官僚體系; 人事制度; 民主政治; Internal labor market; Closed-form organizations; Bureaucratic system; Personnel system; Democratic politics; |
中文摘要 | 長期以來,行政學一直未能提出一個可行的理論架構,用以對 各國的行政或官僚體系進行系統性的比較分析。雖說近二十年來基 於企業型政府概念的政府再造工作與論述風行世界各國,在行政學 界發展出任何有關官僚體系的一般性理論之前,政府再造的工作與 論述其實還是憑著直覺與信念比較多,系統而合理性的規劃比較少。 本文認為唯有先建立官僚體系的一般性理論,方可能進一步以更精 確且有效的方式來理解各國行政革新作法上的異同以及成效上的差 異。有鑑於大部分國家的文官體系採封閉式的組織設計,因此,本 文企圖以內部勞動市場理論為基礎,建構出一個適用於封閉性官僚 組織的一般性官僚理論。此理論以官僚體系內部的升遷獎懲等整體 人事制度作為解釋官僚行為與表現的主要因素。儘管是暫時性的, 此一理論不但可以用來解釋封閉式文官體系中文官在政策方面的行 為、角色與功能,也可以讓我們利用其他國家的個案,不斷進一步 重複檢驗、歸納的理論建構過程。本文選擇英國的文官以及其在民 主政治中的行為與表現作為分析以及歸納的第一個個案,並對原先 的理論提出更精確的修正。本文最後並根據英國的個案與理論歸納 分析,提出一些可供我國政府再造參考的建議。 |
英文摘要 | For a long time, public administration scholars have not been able to propose any general theory feasible for systematic comparisons of bureaucratic or civil service systems across different countries. Although practices and arguments of administrative reform based on the idea of entrepreneurial government have caught on across countries for the last twenty years, before any general theory of bureaucratic systems come into existence, such activities have been much more relying on intuition and ideology, rather than systematic and rational planning. This paper argues that only if the general theory of bureaucratic or civil service systems have been constructed, it is possible to understand more accurately how proceedings and outcomes of the administrative reform in different countries may or may not differ from one another. Consequently, based on the theory of internal labor market, this paper tries to construct a general theory of civil service systems that suits the closed forms of the majority of bureaucratic organizations. This theory hinges on the internal personnel system of bureaucratic organizations for explaining the bureaucratic behavior. While such a theory is tentative at best, it has the potential of developing into a theory that can be used for explaining the role, behavior, and functions played by the bureaucratic systems in different countries. In addition, further country cases can be tested, retested, and generalized into more effective theories, based on the theory proposed by this paper. This paper chooses the British civil service system and its behavior and performance inside the British democracy as the initial test. The authors revised the original theory after compromising the disparities between initial hypotheses and the facts represented by the British case. Finally, based on the aforementioned theoretical and case analysis, this paper also presents some suggestions for the government reform in Taiwan |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。