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題 名 | 杜濬與龔鼎孳之交遊及其心靈衝突研究=A Study of the Friendship and Spiritual Conflict Between Du-Jun and Gong Dingzi |
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作 者 | 徐志平; | 書刊名 | 興大中文學報 |
卷 期 | 17 2005.06[民94.06] |
頁 次 | 頁241-259 |
分類號 | 782.87 |
關鍵詞 | 杜濬; 龔鼎孳; 遺民; 貳臣; Du-jun; Gong ding-zi; Citizen loyal to a past dynasty; Official serving in a new court; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文就遺民詩人杜濬與清初貳臣龔鼎孳的交遊情形,以及杜濬在國變後所遭遇的種種窘況造成的心靈衝突進行研究。 杜濬與龔鼎孳訂交於崇禎十五年,之後雖然聚少離多,並在國變後選擇了不同的人生方向,其間經歷不少掙扎與無奈,但仍能一直維持深厚的友誼。本文根據二人之詩文,佐以相關資料,分別敘述兩人四次相聚之始末。一方面,試圖為二人的感情投合尋求可能的原因;二方面,試圖勾勒二人交往的情形;三方面,亦以做為杜濬心靈衝突的背景因素。 杜濬是一個富於才情而帶一點狂傲氣質的書生,功名失意加上國家淪亡,使他的心靈遭遇了多重衝突。第一重為傳統的忠節觀念與本身求取功名的願望的衝突,不願意在新朝求取功名,使他轉而汲汲於詩名,有時求名的痕跡過於明顯,更顯示出他心中的無奈;第二重為面對朋友失節,但友誼又無法割捨,在友情與操守的要求之問產生衝突,加上他還需要失節朋友的援助,使他的內心更為無奈;第三重為窮居與游食之問的衝突,喜動不喜靜的個性使他難於真正歸隱,缺乏謀生手段只能靠筆墨維生便不得不寄食於公卿,而這又和他的傲氣相件,使他心靈中的衝突加劇。 國破家亡的痛苦若非身在其間是難以想像的,研究者宜設身處地,立足於當時的情境,方能深入其心靈世界,否則便不免有妄議古人之譏矣! |
英文摘要 | This paper explores the friendship between Du-Jun and Gong Ding-zi and the social and spiritual dilemmas faced by Du-Jun after the demise of Ming Dynasty. Du and Gong became good friends in late Ming. When the Ming Dynasty was destroyed and succeeded by Qing Dyansty, Du remained loyal to the old dynasty and chose to exile himself from the court, whereas Gong chose to serve in the new court. They did not meet each other much and went through many struggling and difficulty situations. However, they managed to maintain their relationship. Based on their poetical works and other records, this study attempts to delineate the development of their friendship, including how they might have found each other congenial, how they interacted with each other, and how their relationship created a spiritual dilemma for Du-Jun. Du-Jun was a talented and somewhat proud intellect. Failures to obtain a high position in the court and the demise of Ming Dynasty created a series of social and spiritual conflicts for him. First, there was a conflict between his refusal to serve in the Qing court and his desire for fame. His writings and works sometimes give off this strong desire for winning a literary fame and his inner struggling. Furthermore, his loyalty to the old dynasty and his relationship with Gong were contradictory with each other. It was very difficult for him to justifi his relationship with a spiritual and financially supportive friend who unfortunately chose to betray the Ming court. Finally, Du was an active person and was not used to a quiet life style. That made it necessary for him to work for patrons, which was not compatible with his proud temperament. The three sources of conflict threw him into endless social and spiritual dilemmas. This paper concludes with the argument that researchers and critics might need to hold a more empathetic stance in examining the characters and works of past literary figures. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。