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題 名 | 設施內施用不同量有機肥料對土壤性質變遷及蔬菜氮吸收之影響=The Effect of Application of Differeint Rates of Organic Fertilizer on the Soil Properties and Nitrogen Uptake of Vegetables Planted in Plastic House |
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作 者 | 蔡永暤; 張耘誠; 徐卉明; 鍾仁賜; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 6:3 民94.06 |
頁 次 | 頁229-244 |
分類號 | 434.231 |
關鍵詞 | 有機肥料; 蔬菜; 總氮濃度; 硝酸態氦濃度; 土壤肥力; Organic fertilizer; Vegetables; Total N concentration; Nitrate N concentration; Soil fertility; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究的目的為探討不同施用量的有機肥料對不同種類的蔬菜生長以及其體內總氮與硝酸態氮含量的影響,以做有機肥料施用的參考。於高雄區農業改良場旗南分場簡易溫室內,進行栽培。選用白菜、義大利萵苣、莧菜、甕菜等不同葉菜為試驗作物,施用化學肥料與有機肥料。以化學肥料施肥量處理及不施肥處理為對照,另設定四等級之有機肥料處理,並隨栽培次數之增加與土壤中的氮累積情形停止使用有機肥料及減少化學肥料用量。為逢機完全區集排列,每處理重複四次;蔬菜生長至具商品價值的大小時採收地上部,秤取鮮重後烘乾至恆重,秤重,經粉碎後分析。土壤則於作物採收後採樣分析酸鹼度、飽和水導電度、總氮、硝酸態氮、銨態氮、Mehlich III 可萃取磷與鉀、有機質等。結果顯示對許多肥而言,連年施用則會造成養分之過度累積及不平衡。在溫室條件下,則容易造成鹽害現象。植物之生長會因土壤中的有效氮增至一定量後不同增加,但是氮吸收量會隨有機肥料的用量增加而呈上升,造成奢侈消費。蕹菜、白菜與莧菜植體中的硝酸態氮濃度甚高,約佔總氮之五分之一以上,萵苣中的硝酸態濃度則較低,雖然與作物特性有關,但是均受土壤中有效性氮含量的影響極大。當土壤形成一定的肥力之後,種植作物,每作施肥並非必要。因此,作物種植前土壤肥力測定以決定施肥量是重要的。 |
英文摘要 | The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different rates of organic fertilizer on the growth, total nitrogen concentration, and nitrate concentration in different vegetables. The cultivation of vegetables was conducted at Chishan, Kauhsiung District Agricultural Improvement Station. Pak-choi, lettuce, edible amaranth, and water convolvulus were used as indicator plants. There were four different rates of organic fertilizer treated-plots, which were M1, M2, M3, and M4, respectively. The no fertilizer treated-plot (CK) and chemical fertilizer-treated plot (CF) were used as control. The application rates of organic and chemical fertilizers were adjusted according to the soil fertility which was determined by soil analysis. All treatments replicate four times and arrange in randomized complete block design. The vegetables were harvested at their marketable size. After the dry weight were determined, the total and nitrate nitrogen concentrations of the plants were measured. Some selected characteristics of the soil after each harvest of the plant were also determined. The results showed that the determination of the soil fertility before planting of the vegetable is essential. As the soil fertility is high no fertilizer is needed or the application rate of fertilizer can be reduced. The growth of the vegetables was related to nitrogen fertility of the soil. The nitrogen uptake of the vegetables increased with the increasing of the application rate of compost. Therefore, the total and nitrate nitrogen concentrations of the vegetables increased with the increasing of the application rate of compost. The nitrate nitrogen concentration of Pak-choi, spinach, amaranth, and water convolvulus was high as compared with that of lettuce. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。