頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 莊子之苦樂觀及其啟示=Zhuangzi's View of Happiness and Suffering |
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作 者 | 劉笑敢; | 書刊名 | 漢學研究 |
卷 期 | 23:1=46 民94.06 |
頁 次 | 頁107-129 |
分類號 | 121.33 |
關鍵詞 | 莊子; 道家; 苦; 樂; 逍遙; Zhuangzi; Taoism; Suffering; Happiness; Spiritual freedom; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 莊子所感受的苦,所追求的樂都在於神神感受。現實之苦在於世生活中的拘束或奴役,在於人類認知能力的有限,在於人們無法擺脫現實的處境。現實的地位、財富、欲望的滿足與否並非莊子之苦樂的主要內容。莊子認為人類的有限性是人類之苦的根源。 莊子之逍遙之樂在於超越現實束縛的由的感覺,在於獨與天地萬物相往來的體驗,這也是一種精神的滿足,但不是現實欲望的滿足。這種精神境界的提升的可以是無限的,可以達到與天地萬物融為一體的精神體驗。 從現實之苦到逍遙之樂的轉化的關鍵在於心靈的寧靜,而心靈的寧靜在於認識到世界的客觀性和非目的性,避免面對苦難時的狹隘的、個人的、目的性的解釋;在於認識到人類自身的有限緎,避免對個人或群體抱過高的期待。在這樣的基楚上,人們才可能超越現實之苦去追求精神境界的無限的提升。 |
英文摘要 | One fable about Zhuangzi莊子 recounts that onece, when Zhuangzi was fishing in a river, the King of Chu dispatched two high-ranking officials to go and announce to him: “I wish to offere you the prime ministreship.” Zhuangzi calmly held onto his fishing pole and without turning his head, replied, “I have heard there is a sacred tortoise in Chu that has been ded for three thousand years. The iind keeps it warpped in silk and boxed, and stores it is the ancestral temple. Now, would this tortoise rather be dead and have its bones preserved and honored? Or would it rather be alive and dragging its tail in the mud?” “It would rather be alive and dragging its tail in the mud, concurred the two officials. “Begone!” said Master Zhuang. “I too would rather be dragging my tail in the mud. This fable suggests that for Zhuangzi, honor and power are undesirable, and like a burden and yoke should be evaded. This is representative of Zhuangzi’s view of happiness and suffering: spiritual freedom is more important than honor and power, and living out one’s natural life is more important than social achievement. Zhuangzi demonstrated that human suffering derives from predicaments and dilemmas presented in social relations. People cannot escape from this social quandary to realize their true desires. This situation, like the alternation of day and night, is natural and non-teleological. Therefore we should not “like” or “dislike” too much of what we have in the world so as to realize calmness and enjoy delight in a transcendent world, namely, our personal spiritual kingdoms. To sum up, Zhuangzi’s view of happiness and suffering proposes a non teleological world, reconciliation with human finitude in the real world and the realization of spiritual infinitude in a transcendental kingdom. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。