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題 名 | The Drama of Viloence--A Religious Studies and Theological Perspective=暴力的戲劇--宗教研究與神學觀點 |
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作 者 | Niewiadomski,Jozef; | 書刊名 | 哲學與文化 |
卷 期 | 32:4=371 民94.04 |
頁 次 | 頁43-60 |
專 輯 | 宗教哲學專題 |
分類號 | 241 |
關鍵詞 | 默示錄; 聖經的啟示; 釘於十字架上; 戲劇神學; 吉拉德; 模倣理論; 宗教性的自殺; 代罪羔羊機制; 山上寶訓; 犧牲; 暴力; Apocalypse; Biblical revelation; Crucifixion; Dramatic theology; Girard rene; Mimetic theory; Religious suicide; Scapegoat mechanism; Sermon on the mount; Victimization; Violence; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 宗教是暴力最重要的原因嗎?我認為一旦刻意不用「啟蒙」的角度來探討宗教與暴力之間的關係,宗教儀式性的暴力是用來控制四處瀰漫的人類暴力的一種方法,而不是暴力的根源。古老的上帝形象包含了神聖化的暴力,目的是為了遏止污穢的和不正當的暴力;受到儀式和禁忌所規範的正當暴力,是用來防禦不受控制的暴力。古代宗教狂熱的本質,就是代罪羔羊的機制。代罪羔羊只不過是一個表面的東西,供我們去投射所有四處瀰漫的暴力,因此是「可怖而迷人之神秘」的本質。不過:為什麼我們在聖經裡會看到上帝這種暴力的形象呢?對吉拉德來說,在希伯來聖經中累積的暴力問題(在宗教史上無人能及)既不是巧合,也不是宗教傾向產生暴力的徵兆。他將其理解為一個遇到許多反彈的辛苦過程,在這個過程中,揭曉了一個抗衡建基於欺騙四處瀰漫之暴力的策略,在上帝概念的脈絡下歪曲暴力的問題,根本不可能解決暴力的問題。暴力不能夠是上帝的屬性。這本質不表達人類有能力沒有暴力行為。因此現代的「擺脫上帝」自然不能解決問題,反而只是把問題轉移到人類的層次上。就是在這裡我們才能看到「耶穌的戲劇」。 |
英文摘要 | Is religion the most important cause of violence? In a conscious departure from the "enlightenment" approaches to the relationship between religion and violence I'd rather say, the ritualistic religious violence is mean of controlling diffuse human violence rather than as its source. The archaic images of God comprise sacralized violence in order to contain unclean and illegitimate violence; the legitimate violence regulated by rites and taboos is to be a bulwark against uncontrolled violence. The essence of archaic religiosity is the scapegoat mechanism. The scapegoat is nothing but a surface for projecting all the diffuse violence and thus the essence of the mysterium tremendum et fascinosum. But: why we can find such violent images of God in the Bible? For Rene Girard, the accumulation of the problem of violence in the Scriptures of the Hebrew bible (unparalleled in religious history) is neither coincidental nor is it a sign for the tendency of the religious to breed violence. He rather understands it as a painstaking process, marked by many backlashes, in the course of which a strategy to cope with diffuse violence that is based on deception is being unmasked. The falsification of the question of violence in the context of the concept of God, however, does by no means solve the question of violence. The fact that violence cannot be an attribute of God says nothing about human ability to behave non-violently. Thus the modern "doing away with God" naturally does not solve the problem but rather shifts it even more to the human plane. That is exactly the place, where we can find the "drama of Jesus". |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。