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題名 | 藉WTO加入其他重要國際經貿組織之法律分析=A Legal Analysis of the Possible Approaches for Taiwan to join Other Important International Economic Organizations via WTO |
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作者姓名(中文) | 許忠信; | 書刊名 | 臺灣國際法季刊 |
卷期 | 2:1 2005.03[民94.03] |
頁次 | 頁175-201 |
專輯 | 國際組織與臺灣 |
分類號 | 558.069 |
關鍵詞 | 世界貿易組織; 國際貨幣基金; 世銀; 世界智慧財產權組織; 國際貿易中心; 國際經貿組織; 自由貿易區; 加入; WTO; IMF; World bank; WIPO; ITC; International economic organization; FTA; Accession; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 我國歷經十二年之努力而終於獲准加入WTO,然而加入WTO後若只負責履行國際義務而未能參與其上游之政策決定,則對我極為不公平。由於我國未能參與與WTO有密切關係之重要國際組織,根據本文之研究,至少有以下數點對我國有失公平。首先,WTO/GATT第十二條之收支平衡例外之援引,其要件是否符合,實際上等於IMF有決定權,而我國卻未能參與IMF而作適度之意見表達,對我國顯然不公平。其次,由於服務業貿易之服務據點設立本身即為一種國際投資,而我國因為我們沒得參加世界銀行,所以亦無法參加其所屬之國際投資爭端解決中心,而受到該有之投資保障,此點對我國投資人實屬不公。再者,我國未能參與WIPO而對智慧財產權保護標準發表意見,但WIPO之決定卻常會變成WTO/TRIPs之內容,而要求我國遵守,此亦為另一不合理之現象。最後,OECD與WTO之角色扮演,前者傾向全球新議題(例如環境、農業、勞工、人口老化、永續發展等)之政策研究與政策形成,而後者則擔任實際推動、執行經貿規範之角色,有點類似上下游之關係。我國未能全面參與OECD而對該等新議題及早提供意見與建議,等WTO接手處理該議題時,時常為時已晚。因此,國際經貿組織應允許台灣加入以求公允,至於該組織之章程或協定中之「nation」、「country」及「state」等概念,本文認為Lord Denning之論理方式適宜被運用到此些國際經貿組織之章程之解釋上,而認為只要是不涉及國際政治之國際經貿事務、國際金融事務或國際智慧財權保護事務,台灣皆應被解釋該章程或協定中之「nation」、「country」或「state」。 |
英文摘要 | In this world of ever-increasing interdependence of national economy, the World Trade Organization has been gaining importance in promoting freer trade and investment. Taiwan has joined the WTO for more than three years, and has been trying every effort to implement its duties under the WTO. For example, Taiwanese law of intellectual property rights has set up a far higher protection standard above that required under the TRIPs. And the effective enforcement of the copyright law and the trademark law has recently gained recognition from major IP-Exporting countries, including the United States. Taiwan has been sincerely carrying out its duties and obligations under WTO rules, and indeed quite a lot of Taiwanese farmers are suffering from this open policy now. The WTO is an implementing organization, rather than a policy-making one. Quite a few of new global issues have been discussed preliminarily in such organizations as IMF, OECD and WIPO and then passed on to the WTO for further implementations after some consensus has been reached. Although these decisions affect Taiwan so much, she unfairly could not be heard when those decisions were made. The only reason for that unbearable unfairness is not that Taiwan has done something wrong and has to be punished, but that Taiwan is not a country and cannot be a member of these organizations. Lord Denning, one of the greatest British justices of the former century, discerned this human mischief and held in a leading case that Taiwan is a country in terms of international sports affairs two decades ago. By the same token, Taiwan is a country or state in terms of international trade, international financial affairs, and international intellectual property protections. Thus Taiwan deserves to be a member of these international economic organizations. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。