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題 名 | 北宋前期墓誌書寫活動初探=The Writing Activity of Funerary Inscription during the Early Northern Sung (960∼1060) |
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作 者 | 劉靜貞; | 書刊名 | 東吳歷史學報 |
卷 期 | 11 2004.06[民93.06] |
頁 次 | 頁59-82 |
分類號 | 794.66 |
關鍵詞 | 北宋; 墓誌; 墓誌書寫活動; 范仲淹; 歐陽脩; 曾鞏; Early Northern Sung; Writing activity; Epitaph; Funerary inscription; Fan Chung-yen; Ou-yang Hsiu; Tseng Kung; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文解讀北宋前期百年(960-1060)的墓誌,探討當時的「墓誌書寫活動」。墓誌書寫面對的是生死的交替,特別能展顯出社會成員對於某些人生意義與價值取向的執著與堅持。宋代墓誌動輒千言以上,其中豐富且多面向的記寫重點,所透露的,不只是死者的一生,不只是書寫者的理念,還有各種社會關係在此交錯疊置,各種秩序理念在此或折衝或妥協的社會情狀。因為宋代的墓誌銘文已不只是藏於地下,投向幽冥,而是有相當的機會藉著文集的刊刻、販賣與流佈,在現在(甚至未來)社會傳之廣泛、久遠。這使得墓誌撰寫活動與當下社會的互動、關聯愈趨緊密,也使得書寫者在書寫過程中必須更審慎地處理各種社會牽引力──諸如:如何堅持作者的理念、如何因應社會的期待、如何配合墓主家人親朋的想法。這不但觸發了墓誌書寫如何「真實」的焦慮,帶引出各式各樣的寫作主張,社會情境與價值觀的實況也由此映現。 |
英文摘要 | The epitaphs, funerary inscriptions, as a source of historical materials have gained much attention in recent years. The limitation of epitaphs in providing faithful description of the life of the deceased has also been discussed. This work examines the epitaphs written in the first hundred years of the Northern Sung Dynasty (960-1060), with the focus of analysis on the activity of soliciting and composing epitaphs, i.e., the activity of writing. Unlike epitaphs in earlier times, many Sung epitaphs are lengthy and full of details not only of the lives of the deceased and the ideas of the writers, but the current situations of the surviving family members, and their worthy careers in public service and in family life. The reason is that the epitaphs were treated as literary works that could be published and open to public scrutiny. The weight these essays carry became more significant in the world of the living than the world of the deceased. Since the deceased, the surviving family members, the solicitor and the author all were involved in the writing activity, the contents of the epitaphs became more detailed and diversified, which showcased people’s real lives and their perception of an ideal life, and its legacy in the current world. Some authors of epitaphs, although intended to uphold their credibility, could not but struggling between recording people’s lives faithfully and portraying the deceased according to the wishes of their families and the social norms. Their anxiety exemplified the significance of epitaphs to the people during that tie. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。