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題 名 | 完全混合日糧調製機兼用於圓形乾草包細斷作業性能改進研究(1)=Improvement of Operation Efficiency for Cutting Round-Baled Hays by Using the Total Mixed Ration Processing Machine (Ⅰ) |
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作 者 | 黃清旺; 楊仁岡; 許福星; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 4:6 2003.12[民92.12] |
頁 次 | 頁502-518 |
分類號 | 434.251 |
關鍵詞 | 完全混合日糧調製機; 圓形乾草包; 細切作業; Total mixed ration processing machine; Round-baled hay; Cutting operation; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究的目的乃在探討以完全混合日糧(Total Mixed Ration, TMR)調製機兼用於圓形草包的細切作業之可行性,以解決國產乾草包的利用問題,對提高國產芻料的利用率助益很大。 不論盤固草或尼羅草之鮮草或乾草,在收穫及調製階段的含水率,和其與金屬表面間的摩擦阻力,無明顯的差異。盤固草草莖直徑僅尼羅草的1/3,最大的剪切阻力較小(4.54<5.60 N)。但密度為尼羅草的1.39倍,最大的剪切強度也為尼羅草的2.27倍。 以雙螺旋鑽式的TMR調製機加以改良,經運轉及功能測試,表現穩定。以柱高 1.2 m、直徑1.2 mψ之盤固草與尼羅草之乾草包,進行15及20分鐘的細切試驗。量測螺旋鑽式轉速,均以20-30 rpm的穩態作業。使用賓大顆粒大小分離器(Penn State Particle Sizes Separator)分析草莖,15分鐘作業時間,不論盤固草或尼羅草,其細斷長度及解包膨鬆比,均無顯著差異。下層篩之重量比率,盤固草13.6%比尼羅草8.6%稍高;20分鐘作業,其細斷長度(10.4 cm、10.7 cm)、解包膨鬆比(4.5-4.7、3.7-3.6)及下層篩之重量比率達20%,僅差5分鐘作業時間,細斷效果,差距拉大,但利用本機螺旋鑽正逆轉操控設定裝置,適當的掌握於15-20分鐘作業,可得合宜的細斷長度。 本機尚屬於改良階段,有必要加強量的試驗。同時應加強檢視TMR調製機作業,使其在調製與兼用於圓形草包細切上,都得到合宜充分的利用。 |
英文摘要 | The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of using the total mixed ration (TMR) processing machine for cutting the round-baled hay. For the precise and single function equipment, this is an alternating method. The machine can be operated separately under the circumference of no effection TMR processing. It might be helpful for solving the domestic forage utilization and increasing the utilization percents of the domestic forages. No significant difference was observed for the friction resistance between grass and metal surface during harvesting and processing no matter what pangolagrass or nilegrass was in fresh or hay state. The stem diameter of pangolagrass was one third of nilegrass and the maximum cutting resistance was smaller (4.54<5.60 N). The stem density of pangolagrass was 1.39 folds of the nilegrass and the maximum cutting strength was 2.27 folds of the nilegrass. The machine was modified from the TMR processing machine with double augers and operated steadily under functional tests. The cutting tests were operated for 15 and 20 minutes for both pangolagrass and nilegrass round-baled hays with 1.2 m high and diameter 1.2 mψ. The steady operating speed of augers was 20-30 rpm. No significant difference was observed for the cutting length and the unpacked expansion ratio between pangolagrass and nilegrass hays after separating by the Penn State Particle Sizes Separator. The weight ratio of the bottom mesh for pangolagrass was 13.6% and was higher than that of nilegrass with 8.6%. For 20 minutes operation, the cutting lengths were 10.4 and 10.7 cm, and the unpacked expansion ratio were 4.5-4.6 and 3.6-3.7 for pangolagrass and nilegrass, respectively. The weight ratio of the bottom mesh reached 20%. Big difference was observed for the cutting length between the operations of 15 and 20 minutes. The augers of the machine had the setting device with forward and reverse operation. The appropriate cutting length could be obtained by adjusting the operation time between 15 and 20 minutes. The machine is still under investigation and more tests are needed. To insure TMR processing operation smoothly, further improvement and inspection are required. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。