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題 名 | 生物科技之風險議題之省思--兼論GMO與基因治療之科技風險管理與規範體系=Risks of Biotechnology--An Observation and Mechanisms to Risks Management for GMO and Gene Therapy |
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作 者 | 牛惠之; | 書刊名 | 東吳法律學報 |
卷 期 | 15:1 2003.08[民92.08] |
頁 次 | 頁179-228 |
分類號 | 368 |
關鍵詞 | 生物科技; 科技風險; 風險評估; 風險管理; 基因改造產品; 基因治療; 預防原則; Biotechnology; Scientific risks; Risks assessment; Risks management; Genetically modified organisms; Gene therapy; Precautionary principle; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文旨在處理由生物科技發展與運用所產生的風險性議題,並對科技風險之風險管理體系之建構,與其所可能發生之爭議性議題,進行分析與探討,並對國內相關規範之現況加以檢討,以期國人在正視生物科技的效益之際,也能適時地對於生物科技的風險性議題建構妥善的管理規範。整體而言,本文第二節將生物科技伴隨的風險分為社會性風險、科技風險、產業風險與規範性風險等四類,而探討之重點為前兩類;對於第一類,本文之建議為需透過客觀審慎的方式探討生物科技社會性風險之本質,以防杜論證上之弊端;對於後者,本文則經由第三節建議一套風險管理體系應兼具風險評估、風險管理、規範建構與損害救濟等相關機制。其中較具爭議者包括科學證據不充分時關於預防原則之適用空間;以及損害之發生為科技不確定性所致,而無人為故意或過失介入時,其救濟機制闕如之現象與改進之空間等議題。 |
英文摘要 | This paper is divided into two major parts to deal with the risks that would likely occur due to the development of modern biotechnology. It is almost beyond argued that the modern biotechnology could offer a great deal of benefits to the human being as a whole, as well as bring adverse affects to the human societies. The first part thus focuses on the risks of the biotechnology and catalogues those risks as social risks, scientific risks, commercial risks and risks of legislation. By classifying these risks, the paper tends to highlight that it is not necessary to be too worry about some of the claimed risks, on the ground that some risks are not for real but solely from people's misunderstanding and unnecessary imagination. It is because people may claim a risk of a technology even before they know the nature of the technology. The second part turns to address risks management. In this part, again, a four-step mechanism are introduced, they are, risks assessment, risks management, regulations and measures for controlling risks, and remedies. After examining the relevant laws of Taiwan, this paper seeks to suggest that we are not ready yet to control the risks of biotechnology. Provided biotechnology is one of the key industries that this country aims to develop, it should make a great effort to establish a set of workable mechanism to handle the possible risks of biotechnology in advance. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。