頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 論中、東歐國家的族群關係--融合或對立=The Ethnic Relations Between Central and Eastern Europe: Merging or Opposing |
---|---|
作 者 | 洪茂雄; | 書刊名 | 中山人文社會科學期刊 |
卷 期 | 11:1=24 2003.06[民92.06] |
頁 次 | 頁27-46 |
分類號 | 578.194 |
關鍵詞 | Central and eastern countries; CEES; Ethnic relations; Post-communism; Peaceful transition; 中東歐國家; 族群關係; 後共產主義; 和平演變; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 二十世紀末東西方冷戰結束,東歐劃時代的演變,改寫歐洲當代的歷史,一方面改變戰後歐洲的秩序結構、政治地理的更動,長達四十年的東西冷戰也隨之落幕;二方面開創由極權的社會主義體制轉型到民主法治和市場經濟體制的歷史性先例,提供共產黨蛻變的經驗;三方面注入主權和領土的新思維,打破主權和領土神聖不可侵犯說,或不可分割改變說。 中東歐國家的族群,基本上可歸納為三種類型:一、敵視對立型;二、現實融合型;三、理性和睦型。中東歐各國的族群關係與國家認同有呈現不同取向的現象,即因為不同族群對國家認同的態度產生分歧,也有雖然不同的族群,但對國家認同是一致;抑有所謂「大民族主義」作祟,有擴張野心,企圖聯合周遭的同一民族,建立統一的民族國家。 中東歐國家和平演變以來的族群關係及其對國家認同的關連性,原則上可獲致下列發現:第一、經濟發展是觀察族群融合和國家認同的重要指標;第二、中東歐國家回歸歐洲社會為其既定目標,同時也要向西歐看齊,淡化族群和血緣認同,轉而認同歐洲整體及其主流價值;第三、極端民族主義企圖進行「大一統」,不但無法得逞,而且阻礙民主化,侷限其在國際社會的活動空間。反觀以理性和平方式來處理族群關係和國家認同問題,即可共創「雙贏」(win-win)局面;第四、瑞士人民的族群融合國家認同可謂最成功的範例,其經驗值得世人借鏡和效法。 |
英文摘要 | In the end of the twentieth century, there are three important significances of Central and Eastern European countries in the post-cold war era:1. The change of the political structure and political geography of Europe. Second, the historical experiences of the Central and Eastern European countries transited from socialism system to democracy and market economy. Third, strengthen the new thinking of the sovereignty. There are three types about the ethnic relations: 1. opposed type, 2. emerged type, 3. rational type in the post communism era, and also people can find some conclusions as follow: First, the economic development is the very important figure when we exam the ethnic elations in CEE countries; Second, Getting rid of the dorminated by the communist party, to reback to “the family of Europe” is their naturally target. Third, the radical nationalism can go well formore. Last, Swissland is most successful model on the ethnic intergration and national identity building. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。