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題名 | 「詩經」「O-來-V」、「O-是-V」句比較研究=Comparison of "O+Lai+V" and "O+Shih+V" in Book of Odes |
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作 者 | 胡雲鳳; | 書刊名 | 國文學報 |
卷期 | 33 2003.06[民92.06] |
頁次 | 頁37-58 |
分類號 | 093 |
關鍵詞 | 詩經; 來; 是; 比較語法; 助詞; Book of Odes; Lai; Come; Shih; Be verb; Compressive syntax; Auxiliary verb; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 《詩經》有「0-來-V」(萬福來求)及「0-是-V」(百祿是遒)二句型,清代王引之認為「來」即「是」,「萬福來求」亦即「萬福是求」,學者多從之。本文試圖從相近語句、複句關係、語氣三方面論二句型在《詩經》中存在一定的差異。亦即,「來」與「是」並非一般學者所認為是完全相等的兩個詞,它們在功能、結構、語氣上都有差別,這差別表現在: 1.就對同一類事件的描寫而言,動態的描寫時用「0-來-V」句,靜態的描寫時,則使用「0-是-V」句。 2.就複句結構來說,「0-來-V」句會出現在「既V」句之後,「0-是-V」句則否,另外「0-是-V」句會出現在並列複句中,而「0-來-V」句則否。 3.就語氣言之,「0-來-V」會使用在轉折及抱怨的語句中,「0-是-V」會使用於訓示及命令的語句,具有篤定、唯一、確切的語氣。 |
英文摘要 | In Book of Odes, there are two sentence patterns such as "Object+Lai+Verb" and "Object+Shih+Verb". "Lai" refers to "come" in Chinese (for example, "Ten thousand kinds of happiness come (to) gather".) and "Shih" refers to "Be Verb" (for example, "Hundred kinds of wealth are (to) flock".) According to the explanation by Mr. Wang Yin-chi in the Ching Dynasty, "come" and "be" means the same. Scholars later on followed his notion. However, I intend to distinguish of complex sentence, and the mood. Finally, I conclude that the usage of "come" and "be" in Book of Odes exists certain variances. There are differences between the two sentence patterns in function, structure and mood as follows: 1.In terms of description, "O+Lai+V" is used to describe dynamic events and "O+Shih+V" is used to describe static matters. 2.In terms of the structure of complex sentence, "O+Lai+V" may follow sentence like "As+V" yet "O+Shih+V" may not. Besides, "O+Shih+V" appears in parallel complex sentence but "O+Lai+V" does not. 3.In terms of mood, "O+Lai+V" could be used in a transitional expression yet "O+Shih+V" is used in imperative mood. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。