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| 題 名 | 農試文保一號與1-MCP對文心蘭切花經模擬銷日運輸及檢疫燻蒸之保鮮效果=Effect of "TAPI's Onc 1" and 1-MCP on the Quality of Oncidium Cut Flowers after Simulated Transportation and Quarantine Fumigation |
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| 作 者 | 黃肇家; 杜武俊; 陳弘毅; 蔡金玉; 賴淑芬; 黃慧穗; | 書刊名 | 中國園藝 |
| 卷 期 | 49:1 2003.03[民92.03] |
| 頁 次 | 頁55-62 |
| 分類號 | 435.431 |
| 關鍵詞 | 文心蘭; 前處理; 檢疫; 燻蒸; 模擬貯運; Oncidium; Pretreatment; Quarantine; Fumigation; Simulated transportation; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 文心蘭切花外銷近年蓬勃發展,目前已成為臺灣第二大外銷切花,主要外銷日本,但因含蟲(主要為蛾類幼蟲)約有20~30%會受日本燻蒸。本研究將文心蘭切花經模擬銷日運輸後以溴化甲烷(24.5g/m³日本使用之劑量)燻蒸,結果對切花拍賣品質影響不大,但會降低瓶插壽命1~2日。文心蘭切花在運輸前以‘農試文保一號’與1-MCP(1-methylcyclopropene)處理,可以提高受燻蒸切花之瓶插壽命1~2日同時提高瓶插品質,使其與未受燻蒸者相似。溴化甲烷燻蒸也降低花苞開張率以及提高黃化率,‘農試文保一號’與1-MCP處理可有效的改善,使其與未燻蒸者相似。在運輸前以防檢局所研發之減壓燻蒸處理,如以溴化甲烷(10g/m³)混合磷化氫(3g/m³)在低壓(250 torr)下燻蒸3小時,對文心蘭切花運輸後之品質及瓶插壽命之不利影響,比高劑量之溴化甲烷(24.5g/m³)輕微,這些不利的影響以‘農試文保一號’與1-MCP處理均可有效的改善;對斜紋夜盜蟲、棉蚜、臺灣花薊馬均有接近100%之致死率。減壓處理只加磷化氫(5g/m³)燻蒸,對於斜紋夜盜蟲有100%致死率,對於棉蚜和臺灣花薊馬於剛燻蒸後仍有少數(1.7~11.6%)存活;經模擬空運後,棉蚜與臺灣花薊馬之存活率各降為5.3%及0.0%,模擬海運後各降為2.0%及0.3%。結果顯示適當的保鮮處理,可以改善文心蘭切花銷日受日本燻蒸之傷害,減壓燻蒸殺蟲效果良好,值得研發實用之方法,配合保鮮處理更可保障切花品質。 |
| 英文摘要 | Exportation of Taiwan Oncidium cut flowers have been increasing rapidly in these few years. These flowers are mainly exported to Japan. 20~30% of them have been fumigated with MBr (methyl bromide 84.5g/m³) due to plant pests. Their vase lives were shortened for about 1 to 2 days. In this study, a pretreatment called ‘TARI's onc1’and 1-MCP (1-Methylcyclopropene) were used to prolong the vase life of these flowers which would be fumigated with MBr (24.5g/m³) after transportation. The result indicated that the treatment not only increased the vase life of fumigated flowers for 1 to 2 days, but also improved the quality of flowers close to un-fumigated ones. Fumigations with the mixture of MBr (10g/m³) and phosphine (3g/m³), or only phospine(5g/m³) under low pressure (250 torr) before transportation were also tested. These low pressure fumigations shortened the vase life of Oncidium cut flower for about 0.5 to 1 days. Flowers fumigated with ‘TARI's onc1’ and 1-MCP under low pressure resulted in 100% mortality of Spodoptera litura、Aphis gossypii and Thrips hawaiiensis. Fumigation under low pressure with only phosphine (5g/m³) also had about 100% mortality of Spodoptera litura and Aphis gossypii after simulated transportation. It was only 94.7% mortality of Thrips hawaiiensis. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。