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題名 | 漢語派生動詞「......化」的概念結構與語法功能=On the Chinese Verbal Suffix “-HUA”: Its Conceptual Structure and Syntactic Function |
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作者 | 湯廷池; | 書刊名 | 清華學報 |
卷期 | 32:2 2002.12[民91.12] |
頁次 | 頁411-439 |
專輯 | 梅廣教授榮退論文集(語言篇) |
分類號 | 802.632 |
關鍵詞 | 漢語派生動詞; 派生後綴; -化; 詞彙概念結構; 語意前綴; 使動及物與起動不及物交替; Chinese derivative verbs; Verbal suffix -hua; Semantic prefix; Lexical conceptual structure; Causative-inchoative alternation; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 漢語的派生動詞由詞幹與詞綴合成,而在現代漢語裡只有動詞後綴‘-化’具有旺盛的孳生力;不但可以附加於單音、雙音或多音名詞與形容詞後面形成動詞,而且還可以帶上‘泛-、反-、去-’等語意前綴形成長達五音節的派生動詞。本文針對這一個現代漢語裡唯一的漢語後綴‘-化’,深入探討下列幾個問題:(一)如果動詞後綴‘-化’是由動詞‘化’經過虛化而來,那麼‘化’本來的意義與用法是什麼?虛化的過程與方向又是什麼?(二)含有動詞後綴‘-化’的派生動詞,依其論元結構、動貌意涵應該屬於哪一種次類?(三)漢語動詞無標的音節數目是單音節和雙音節, 但是含有‘-化’的派生動詞卻可以連同語意前綴長達四、五個音節,這種音節數目的有標性在詞法與句法表現上可能引起怎麼樣的特殊現象?(四)含有詞幹‘化’的複合詞與含有詞綴‘-化’的派生詞,其詞彙概念結構究竟如何表述?其中不少動詞還產生「使動及物與起動不及物交替」的現象,究竟應該如何詮釋? |
英文摘要 | Chinese derivative verbs, verbal suffix ‘-hua’, (-化), which can be suffixed to monosyllabic, disyllabic and even trisyllabic noun or adjective stems to form causative-transitive verbs and inchoative-intransitive verbs, with regard to : (1) How id the verbal suffix ‘-hua’(-化) grammaticalized from the original verb (2) Which subcategory will the Chinese derivative verbs containing ‘-hua’ (-化) fall under in terms of their argument structure and lexical aspect?(3) The unmarked number of syllables for Chinese verbs is said to be monosyllabic or disyllabic, but with the addition of semantic prefixes such as ‘fan-(泛-), fan-(反-),qu-(去-)’, the resulting verbs can be as long as five syllables. What kind of marked phenomena might manifest with these marked verbs in terms their morphological and syntactic behaviors? (4) How will the compound verb containing the verb stem ‘hua’(化) and the derivative verb suffixed by ‘-hua’ (-化) be represented in their lexical conceptual structure (and related to, as well as distinguished from, each other? How can their alternation between causative-transitive and inchoative-intransitives be accounted for? |
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