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題名 | 景觀環境的偏好、心理效益認知與生理反應之研究=The Relationship among Preference, Cogitative Psychological Benefit and Physical Response of Landscape Environment |
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作者 | 曾慈慧; 凌德麟; 毛慧芬; | 書刊名 | 造園學報 |
卷期 | 8:2 2002.12[民91.12] |
頁次 | 頁45-66 |
分類號 | 435.7 |
關鍵詞 | 景觀評估; 生理心理學; 心理效益認知; Landscape evaluation; Psychophysiology; Psychological benefit cognizance; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 景觀評估研究原多運用心理學與社會學研究法,近年來運用心理生理學(psycho-physiology)方式加以研究(Tarrant et al., 1994)。本研究以心理學、生理心理學(Psycho-physiology)來探討接受景觀環境刺激時景觀偏好與景觀生、心理學的相關性。 研究的研究結果發現: 1.自然向度的景觀偏好顯著大於人工向度,與Kaplan&Kaplan (1987)所提出的理論相同;而景觀環境開放與封閉向度則未獲統計驗證。 2.自然向度的心理效益反應明顯高於人工向度,與Ulrich(1979)、Kaplan(1989, 1995)的部分研究得到相互驗證;但開放-封閉向度中未獲得統計上的檢定顯著性。 3.景觀環境差異對生理反應值的假設這次未獲顯著驗證,但Wise and Rosenberg在1998年曾提出疏林風景可顯著降低生理壓力(Relf, 1992)。 4.景觀偏好與心理效益認知之間有顯著正相關,高偏好景觀環境通常也會帶來高的心理效益認知,如此可以經由視覺偏好而形成心理回饋。 5.自然與封閉景觀環境的偏好者的生理反應是較舒緩的,而人工與開放景觀環境的偏好者的生理反應是較緊張的。 自然類景觀環境在偏好、心理效益認知中比人工環境高,高偏好的景觀環境是規劃設計時所追求的目標,而自然與封閉景觀環境偏好者的生理反應是較舒緩,因而在規劃舒緩、放鬆的場所空間時,可考量自然與封閉的景觀環境。 |
英文摘要 | Most landscape evaluation research is utilizing psychological and sociological science research methods; in addition, the psychophysiological methods have been gaining its popularity in recent years. This study is based on the fundamental concepts of psychology and psychophysiology to explore the relationship among landscape preference, physical response and psychological benefit cognizance after the subjects have been stimulated/influenced by landscape environment. The experiment results are as follows: 1.The subjects preferred a naturally formed landscape more than the artificaial one. This result matches the Kaplan&Kaplan Theory of 1987. However, the experiment result of the correlation between open landscape and enclos landscape was not statistically sig nificance. 2.The psychological benefit cognizance of naturally formed landscape is obviously higher than the artificial one. This result also coincides a portion of Ulrich's research in 1979 and Kaplan's research in 1989 and 1995. Nevertheless, similar to the result of samply audience, the empirical result of the correlation between open landscape and enclos landscape was not statistically significance either. 3.The result of physical response was not statistical significant enough to warrant a further study; however, Wise and Rosenberg has found that exposing the selected audience to the Savanna Landscape can reduce the sample audience's stress level tremendously. 4.There is a positive correlation between landscape preferenceand psychological benefit cognizance; the greater landscape preference, the greater the psychological benefit cognizance. Consequently, the higher the visual preference rewards the greater psychological benefits. 5.The physical response of the subjeces audience who prefere naturally formed and closure landscapes is more relaxed. On the other hand, for those who prefere artificial and open landscapes, they have more stressed physical responses. |
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