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題 名 | 從「鄰避情結」到「迎臂效應」--臺灣環保抗爭的問題與出路=From 「NIMBY」 to 「YIMBY」--Problems and Solutions of Environmental Protest in Taiwan |
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作 者 | 丘昌泰; | 書刊名 | 政治科學論叢 |
卷 期 | 17 2002.12[民91.12] |
頁 次 | 頁33-56 |
分類號 | 445.9 |
關鍵詞 | 鄰避情結; 環保抗爭; 環保運動; 公害糾紛; 反公害運動; 自力救濟運動; NIMBY; Environmental protest; Environmental movement; Environmental disputes; Anti-pollution movement; Self-help movement; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究探討過去二十多年來臺灣環保抗爭運動如何從以「鄰避情結(Not In MY Backyard, NIMBY)」為基底的環保抗爭行動轉為以「迎臂效應」為基礎的社區自覺運動。全文首先檢視鄰避情結的相關文獻與概念,其次從四個發展階段剖析臺灣環保抗爭運動的特點:?以中小型工廠污染為抗爭對象的萌芽階段(一九八一~一九八六);?以石化業及核能為訴求焦點的高潮階段(一九八七~一九九一);?以設廠作為抗爭議題,並與全球化議題掛勾的轉型階段(一九九二~一九九六);?以電廠與焚化廠為抗爭主題的成型階段。再其次則分析鄰避情結與環保抗爭所形成的四項問題糾葛:環保回饋、選票問題、信任差距與黑道白道介入問題。最後則以宜蘭白米社區為例指出臺灣社區營造運動的開展為未來疏解「鄰避情結」轉型成為「迎臂效應」的重要出路,最後作者於結論中提出五項實踐「迎臂避應」的四項策略:鼓勵成立非營利社區組織、建立社區參與制度、制訂「迷你新加坡社區」造鎮計畫、加強政策行銷與政策對話的能力、制訂知的權利法案。 |
英文摘要 | "NIMBY (Not In My Backyard)" syndrome is essential in environmental protest. Thus how to change "NIMBY" into "YIMBY" (Yes In My Backyard)" becomes the principal purpose of this research. This paper began with clarifying the concept and relevant literature of NIMBY studies. Then, the author described the development of environmental protests in Taiwan during past two decades. Thirdly, problems in environmental protest based upon NIMBY syndrome were systematically explored. Fourthly, an empirical of case study at By-Mi Community in I-Lan county showed that grass-root community empowerment by environmental issue is an effective tool to alleviate the anxious relation between residents and NIMBY facilities owners. This paper concluded that community empowerment is a feasible way out of the dilemma of NIMBY syndrome. Five strategies were also suggested to accomplish the vision of community empowerment by environmental issue in Taiwan's grass-root environmental movement. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。