頁籤選單縮合
題名 | Astronomy in the Shaping of the East Asian Cultural Sphere=東亞文化圈形成過程中天文學的角色 |
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作者 | Henderson, John B.; |
期刊 | 中山人文學報 |
出版日期 | 20021000 |
卷期 | 15 民91.10 |
頁次 | 頁45-55 |
分類號 | 320 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 天文學; 巴比倫天文學; 曆法; 改曆; 孔子; 道統; 希臘天文學; 政治合法化; 聖王; Analogy of heaven; Astronomy; Babylonian astronomy; Calendar; Calendrical reform; Confucius; Daotong; Transmission of the way; Greek astronomy; Political legitimization; Sage kings; |
中文摘要 | 本文旨在研究天文學在東亞文化形成過程中所扮演的角色。天文學在近代以前的東亞世界,不只是近代科學的前驅而已。近代以前東亞的天文學有其獨特的風格、方法與結構,與西方文化中的天文學大異其趣。早期中國的天文學有其政治上的作用。天文學不僅協助建立早期中國皇帝的權力,而且也使新的朝代獲得合法的基礎。但是,東亞天文學不僅影響外在的政治關係,而有其特殊的內容與結構。近代以前中國的天文學者致力於使曆法更加精確,因此,歷代不斷的有改曆之舉。此一問題在當代中國文化研究中常被忽略。 |
英文摘要 | Astronomy in premodern East Asia was not simply a precursor of modern science. It developed a distinctive style and structure that distinguish it particularly from astronomy in Western civilizations. First, astronomy in East Asia had an important political function. It not only helped to establish royal power by legitimizing new dynasties, especially in China, but also enhanced the position of a whole line of rulers as successful preservers of cosmic order. It insured that important state rituals would be carried out at the proper time, as well as burnished the ruler’s charisma as the one who “gave the times and seasons to the people.” The political orientation of astronomy in all of the countries of the East Asian cultural sphere presents quite a contrast to the more private orientation of classical Greek astronomy. East Asian astronomy was distinctive not just in its external political relations, but also in its internal content and structure. In contrast with Greek astronomy in particular, traditional East Asian astronomy saw the heavenly bodies not so much as objects in three-dimensional space as visible markers of the invisible order of time. Even after a spatial concept of the heavens did emerge in China during the Han era, East Asian astronomers did not rely on spatial or geometrical models in their computations, but on arithmetical or algebraic techniques instead. To the extent that metaphysical assumptions entered into this picture, they were more concerned with time cycles than with spatial relations. This, in turn, reflects the continued focus of East Asian astronomy on calendrical calculation (which was mandated by the political importance of the calendar). |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。