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題 名 | 空間資訊在區域水資源規劃上之應用=Application of Spatial Information on Regional Water Resource Planning |
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作 者 | 蘇明道; 許書偉; 林俊宏; 溫在弘; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷 期 | 48:4 2002.12[民91.12] |
頁 次 | 頁67-80 |
分類號 | 432.046 |
關鍵詞 | 區域水資源供需規劃; 決策支援系統; 地理資訊系統; Water demand and supply in a regional water planning; Decision support system; Geographic information system; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 傳統的水資源供需規劃常將河川入流量、地下水抽取量以及下游的需求量視為是一個固定的值,透過水工構造物之連結進行如水庫操作、越域取水或新水源的開發等相關之水資源規劃管理作業;而在用水之需求面上,經常以單位面積或每人每日用水量作為推估的基礎,忽略了用水需求之空間歧異度,但近來因環保意識抬頭及政府財政困難,新水源開發困難,水資源規劃將逐漸由供給面導向轉為需求面導向。 傳統的水資源規劃方式顯得缺乏彈性,無法反應如乾旱、經濟快速發展造成工商產業的發達、居民的大量移入以及用水習慣改變等水環境之變化。本研究乃嘗試建立一個區域水資源供需規劃決策支援系統之架構,利用地理資訊系統掌握影響水資源供需之相關因子在空間之歧異性,並引入決策支援系統之概念,結合資料庫、模式庫與使用者介面,提供決策者境況模擬的工具,期望透過這個彈性的系統架構,能整合水資源供需面資訊,並提供易於使用之介面設定各種情境,透過相關模式運轉所提供之資訊,可有效的協助決策者充分掌握區域內之資料及各種可能情境下之水供需概況,調整適合當時社會的情境做出適當的決定。 研究中並以臺灣嘉南地區作為標的發展系統雛形,該區域擁有臺灣最大的農業灌區,嘉義與臺南兩個省轄市、高科技科學園區及傳統工業區,加上複雜的水工構造物群是一個適合研究探討區域水資源供需規劃決策支援系統架構的地區,研究結果顯示建構一個能掌握空間資料分佈之水資源規劃管理系統是可行而且確實能提升相關決策之效率與效能。 |
英文摘要 | Traditionally, water demand is treated as a "given" that cannot be altered by the utility in water resource planning. The focus of regional water planning is mostly on water supply problems, such as reservoir operation, and supply developments. Demand on per unit area or per capita basis are usually used for regional demand estimations so that spatial variations of related factors are neglected. The recent trend shows that developments of new water supply become much difficult from the environmental awareness and the government budget deficits. Demand driven water resource planning becomes more important and attract more attentions. Water resource planning based on preset target scenario, such as water master plan, is not flexible enough to respond to future challenges from abrupt changes such as severe droughts, rapid economic development and population growth that may alter the preset water demand patterns. These changes in water demand side cause more uncertainties in water resource planning. This research establishes a decision support system framework for regional water resource planning. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used for capture the spatial variation of the relevant factors in water demand estimation. Database, model base, and user interfaces are integrated into a system for scenario based planning environment. With impact information reported for different scenarios, effective decisions may become possible from the better understanding the complexity of water resource systems. A prototype of the proposed framework was also build for the pilot study area in Taiwan. The ChiNan area in southern Taiwan contains the largest irrigation command area of the island, two major cities, and industrial parks of both high-tech and traditional manufactories. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。