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題名 | 光週期及溫度對欒樹圓尾蚜(Periphyllus koelreuteriae)(同翅目:毛蚜科)產越夏型母蚜之影響=Effect of Photoperiod and Temperature on the Production of Aestivating Females of Periphyllus koelreuteriae (Takahashi) (Homoptera: Chaitophoridae) |
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作者 | 林怡君; 劉玉章; 郭美華; | 書刊名 | 臺灣昆蟲 |
卷期 | 22:3 2002.09[民91.09] |
頁次 | 頁215-227 |
分類號 | 385.752 |
關鍵詞 | 欒樹圓尾蚜; 越夏型; 光週期; 溫度; Periphyllus koelreuteriae; Takahashi; Aestivating form; Photoperiod; Temperature; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗結果顯示欒樹圓尾蚜於10L:14D及12L:12D固定光週期下若只轉換溫度,並不能誘發其產生越夏型若蚜。但在10~25℃各固定溫度下,光週期由10L:14D轉換為12L:12D接近於春夏交際之光照時間時,即可誘發其產越夏型若蚜,且隨轉換後天數之增加親代產越夏型若蚜之比率而下降,亦隨連續3代飼育之代數而下降。各溫度下均以20℃時所產越夏型之比率為最高,其中以第1代之第1天達26.27%為最高,其次為15℃時第1代第1天之12.07%;第2代母蚜亦以20℃時第1天可產18.33%越夏型子代為最多,15℃時也有10.89%之比率,唯至第5天即不再產生越夏型子代;第3代母蚜則僅在20℃時第1天有2.44%比率之越夏型子代產生。產越夏型之母蚜比率以20℃時第1代之53.33%及第2代之40.00%為最高,且隨溫度升高或降低而比率漸減,至第3代時僅在20℃下有3.33%比率之產越夏型母蚜產生。在各定溫下產越夏型之母蚜之繁殖率均較產正常型之母蚜為低;產越夏型之母蚜壽命均較產正常型之母蚜壽命為短。每隻產越夏型母蚜所產子代中越夏型所佔之比率各世代皆以20℃時為最高,其中第1代有34.15%;第2代有25.82%;第3代有20%。產越夏型母蚜之壽命以15℃之8.00至8.09天為最長,25℃時之4.00至5.00天為最短。 |
英文摘要 | Our data indicate that under constant photoperiods of 10L: 14D and 12L: 12D, changing the temperature alone could not induce Periphyllus koelreuteriae (Takahashi) to produce the aestivating form of offspring. However, a shift in the photoperiod of from 10L: 14D to 12L: 12D, simulating day-length conditions in the beginning of summer at temperatures of between 10 and 25°C , could induce the production of aestivating offspring. The percentage of the aestivating form of offspring produced decreased with the days and the generations after the photoperiod was shifted. The highest percentage always appeared at 20°C with 26.27% and 18.33% on the first day of the first and the second generations, respectively; however, no aestivating form was produced on the fifth day of either of these two generations. For the third generation, 2.44% of the aestivating form was produced only at 20°C on the first day. The highest percentages of females that produced the aestivating form were at 20°C, i.e., 53.33% and 40.00%, respectively, for the first and second generations. However, the percentage was reduced at temperatures lower or higher than 20°C; only 3.33% females of the third generation produced the aestivating form. Comparisons of fecundity and longevity of females that produced the aestivating form of offspring and females that produced the normal form of offspring at various constant temperatures revealed significant differences. The fecundity and longevity of females that produced aestivating offspring were lower than those of females that produced normal offspring. The percentage of the aestivating form of offspring produced by each female was the highest at 20°C in all generations, with 34.15% in the first generation and significant differences among different temperature treatments, and 25.82% for the second generation but no significant differences among temperature treatments. At 20°C, 20% of the aestivating form of offspring were produced by each female in the third generation. The longest longevities of females which produced the aestivating form were 8.09 and 8.00 days in the first and second generations, respectively, at 15°C, and the shortest were 4.60 and 4.00 days for the first and second generations, respectively, at 25°C. The longevity of third generation females was 5.00 days at 20°C. |
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