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題名 | Post-settlement Diet Shift of Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus schlegeli (Pisces: Scaridae)=白斑鸚哥魚(Chlorurus sordidus)和史氏鸚哥魚(Scarus schlegeli)(Pisces: Scaridae鸚哥魚科)定棲後食性之轉變 |
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作者 | 陳麗淑; | 書刊名 | 動物研究學刊 |
卷期 | 41:1 2002.01[民91.01] |
頁次 | 頁47-58 |
分類號 | 388.5 |
關鍵詞 | 消化系統; 鸚哥魚; 攝食場所; 功能形態學; 覓食; Digestive system; Parrotfish; Feeding habitats; Functional morphology; Foraging; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本研究探討澳洲大堡礁北部蜥蜴島(Lizard Island)體長從15-30mm之白斑鸚哥魚(Chlorurus sordidus)和史氏鸚哥魚(Scarus schlegeli)仔魚由雜食性轉變為草食性其消化系的發育,包括牙齒以及腸子盤旋的形式的改變。這兩種魚最初有獨立的犬齒,但成長後就消失了;腸子從簡單的一個轉折,改變為複雜的兩次轉折。體長在15mm以下的仔魚,骨內含物主要為小型底棲甲殼類和有孔蟲;但隨著成長,藻類及沙子的比率都跟著增加益棲所利用方面,這兩種仔魚都在死珊瑚和碎石上取食,但體長小於20mm時,他們則以取食藻叢中的甲殼類為主。比較結果,他們食性變化的時機隨著消化器幟形狀的改變決定,而非所利用棲所不同所造成。 |
英文摘要 | Ontogenetic changes in the development of feeding structures and feeding habits of juvenile parrotifshes Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus schlegeli (Family: Scaridae) were examined at Lizard Island on the northerm Great Barrier Reef, Australia. A shift from omnivorous feeding to feeding on plant materials were observed, and this occurred over the size range of 15-30 mm TL. Ontogenetic changes were observed in teeth as well as in gut coiling patterns. Individual teeth were present in newly settled scarids (10 mm TL) but were totally lost when size increased t o 26 mm TL. The change in gut coiling patterns occurred mainly in the mid-intestine, from being non-constructing to having a constricted ilial wall. The tracts also changed from 1 sinistral loop to 2 hloops by the end of the observation period. The difference in gut length between the 2 species was caused by the different coiling patterns. Small individuals (15 mmTL) of both species were omnivorous with diets dominated by crustaceans and foraminifera. Significant increases in the amounts of algal material and sediment taken were seen as fish grew. With respect to microphabitat utilization, both species fed mainly on dead coral and rocky substratum. Algae, with their associated high density of crustaceans were used by both species as a feeding substratum when individuals were small (TL <20 mm). dietary changes of post-settled C. sordidus and S. schlegeli were directly related to morphological changes the alimentary tract rather than the differences of habitat utilization. |
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