頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 機車排氣中粒狀及氣狀污染物分佈特性之研究=The Concentration Distribution of Particles and Pollutants Emitted From Motorcycles |
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作者 | 仲崇毅; 鍾佩伶; 李崇垓; 楊玉聖; 張志文; 鐘尉彰; | 書刊名 | 大仁學報 |
卷期 | 20 2001.06[民90.06] |
頁次 | 頁99-113 |
分類號 | 445.63 |
關鍵詞 | 空氣污染物; 懸浮微粒; 二行程機車; 四行程機車; Air pollutants; Suspended particle; Two-cycle motorcycle; Four-cycle motorcycle; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臺灣地區空氣污染指標(PSI)值大於100的情形約有72~86%之比例是由懸浮微粒所引起。而不同大小的懸浮微粒對人體健康也會造成不同程度的傷害,尤其是以粒徑小於10 μm以下的微粒可能會通過呼吸器官的過慮而進入人體,影響健康甚鉅。由於現今交通運輸日趨頻繁,車輛持續成長,車輛之排煙已成為導致區域性空氣污染的主要因素之一。依據過去之調查研究顯示,移動性污染源所排放之懸浮微粒(TSP)佔各污染物之比例為7.2%,PM[fede]所佔之比例為11.2%。是故,有效地管制移動性污染源對污染物之排放,實為當前重要的工作之一。 臺灣地區機動車輛密度高居世界之冠,根據民國89年3月的統計資料顯示,每百人機動車輛數為74.4輛,而汽車數為24.4輛/百人,機車則為50輛/百人。由於數量龐大,以致其所排放之污染物對民眾身體健康及生活環境的衝擊極大。尤其臺灣地區因為地狹人稠,以致機動性強且又方便靈巧的機車就成為大眾的重要交通工具,然而機車所排放出之廢氣卻造成嚴重的空氣污染,其中又以排放之黑煙尤為人所詬病,不僅影響空氣品質、影響視野,更嚴重傷害人體健康。 結果顯示,機車排放之粒狀物主要呈現單峰分佈。四行程機車其微粒分佈範圍主要介於0356~1.8 μm之間,而二行程機車排放之微粒則多屬於粒徑小於1 μm以下之細微粒。 氣狀污染污之分佈特性則為二行程機車排放一氧化碳污染較為嚴重,一氧化碳其對排放所佔之比例約為79%,而對碳氫化合物之排放比例約為98%。二行程機車對於二氧化碳之平均排放濃度約為2.46%,而四行程機車之排放則佔約73%,平均濃度約為4.41%。 |
英文摘要 | The motorcycle density is very high in Taiwan. There are almost fifty motorcycles per one hundred persons in Taiwan. It means that there is one motorcycle every two person. The pollutants emitted from motorcycles are hurtful t human health and the environment. It causes the air quality worse which around our environment. So, the problem of how to control the pollutants emitted from motorcycles is an important issue that need to clear up. The aim of this study was to understand the concentration distribution of pollutants generated by motorcycles emission. An experimental study is conducted on the pollutants distribution of motorcycles. The results show that the particle distribution between 0.56μm and 1.8μm for four-cycle motorcycles. The particles size are almost less than 1μm for two-cycle motorcycles. It is serious of CO concentration emission from two-cycle motorcycles. It is almost 79% for all emission, and the HC emission percentage is 98%. For CO₂, the concentration is 2.46% of two-cycle motorcycles and is 4.41% for four-cycle motorcycles. |
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