頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | 荷據前夕的臺灣土著原始經濟=The Traditional Economy of Taiwan's Aborigines Before the Dutch Rule |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 王良行; | 書刊名 | 興大歷史學報 |
| 卷 期 | 12 2001.10[民90.10] |
| 頁 次 | 頁75-98 |
| 分類號 | 551.0207 |
| 關鍵詞 | 臺灣經濟史; 臺灣土著經濟; 臺灣原始經濟; Taiwan's economic history; Taiwan's aborigines' economy; Taiwan's primitive economy; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 十七世紀初葉，荷蘭人入據之前的臺灣，由於土著民族族群眾多，散居各地，各族地理環境和文化狀況不盡相同，經濟發展的程度也並不一致，有些仍處於採集漁獵階段，有些則已進步到農業時代。儘管有這些差異存在，當時的土著原始經濟，仍有共同的特徵，就是為自家消費而生產的自然經濟。 整體而言，當時臺灣的土著原始經濟可能是以旱田燒墾農業為主，採集、漁獵為輔，畜牧業並不發達，已有家內手工業和生產剩餘的交換，但尚未發展出專業的工匠和商人。當時的生產技術，與漢人相比，雖然落後，甚至有點浪費資源，但是在人口相對稀少的狀況下，卻可能是土著民族的最佳選擇。由於氣候溫暖，土壤肥沃，自然資源豐富，基本的物質生活很容易滿足，因此，土著民族傾向保持現狀，不注重儲蓄，也缺乏改善生產技術的動機。這種自給自足的自然經濟，在十六世紀中葉大批漢人來臺經商之後，雖然逐漸受到侵蝕，但影響不大。要等到荷蘭人入據台灣，建立殖民統治，推廣基督教信仰，發展貿易及農業生產，土著民族的自然經濟才真正產生大規模的變化。 |
| 英文摘要 | At the beginning of the Seventeenth Century, before the Dutch rule, there were more than twenty races of aborigines living separately in Taiwan. They lived in various geographical environments with diversified cultures, and hence in different stages of economic development: while come still made their livings mainly by fishing and hunting, others had already entered the stage of agriculture. In spite of these differences, there was a common economic character, namely, the natural economy in which people produced mainly, if not only, for their own domestic consumption. Generally speaking, on the production side, the primitive economy of Taiwan's aborigines at that time seemed to be supported mainly by swidden agriculture, with the assistance of collecting, hunting, and fishing. Domestic handicrafts and the exchange of surplus produces existed, but there were no professions like craftsmen or merchants developed. Compared with those of contemporary Han Chinese, production technologies of aborigines were backward, and even a little bit waste of resources. Yet, under the situation of relatively sparse population, they might have been the best choice for aborigines. Due to warm weather, fertile soil, and rich natural resources, aborigines' basic material needs were easy to satisfy. Therefore, they tended to maintain the status guo, hardly with any motive to save up or improve production technologies. This self-sufficient natural economy was gradually corroded after Han Chinese traders came to Taiwan since the mid-Sixteenth Century, although the impact was not great. It is after the Dutch arrived Taiwan, establishing colonial rule, extending Christian belief, developing trade and agricultural production, that aborigines' natural economy began to change both in width and depth. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。