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題名 | 天賦人權與革命民權適用時期之比較研究=The Research between Natural Rights and the Revolution of Human Rights |
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作 者 | 余元傑; 李麗雲; | 書刊名 | 嘉南學報 |
卷期 | 27 2001.11[民90.11] |
頁次 | 頁299-306 |
分類號 | 571.9 |
關鍵詞 | 天賦人權; 革命民權; Natural rights; Revolution of human rights; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文以天賦人權與革命民權異同出發,試圖從二種觀念的比較,找出其個別時代 背景意義,進而探討民主政治發展過中所適用時期。 國父主張革命民權,與盧梭提倡天賦人權,雖同樣是為了爭平等、反對君權,卻以不同觀點 解釋權利來源,產生背景不同導致結果也有差異。對盧梭強調的民權為上天賦予,人生而自 由、平等,國父完全不以為然,反認為自由不是天生的,是由人民奮鬥得來,平等也是人為 的。 革命民權思想在國父民權主義中占有重要地位,而其發生時代背景為民國建立初年,適逢國 內革命潮流低落,國父為激發革命黨人爭取民權,甚至批評盧梭天賦人權說的謬誤。他以歷 史進化觀點說明,民權應是時勢和潮流所造就出來,藉此強化革命民權的理論基礎。面臨中 國內政紛亂、軍閥割據與帝國勾結,國父主張適可提高人民政治道德與行使民權能力,提供 政治現代化理論。 |
英文摘要 | This research compares the similarities and the differences between the Natural Rights and the Revolution of Human Rights pointing out their importance respectively at particular times, and then discusses their appropriateness in a democratic development of a nation. Dr. Sun, Yet-sen advocated the Revolution of Human Rights and Rousseau, the Natural Rights, both of which are for equality and against dictatorial emperorship, but explained the human rights in different perspectives which resulted from the different eras they had been. Rousseau says that human rights are born, people are born equal and liberal, however, Dr. Sun Yet-sen expresses that freedom is fought to win by people and people are not born equal either. The Revolution of Human Rights, which plays an important role in Dr. Sun Yet-sen's Democracism, was developed during the infancy of the Republic of China. In order to encourage the people to fight for their human rights, Dr. Sun Yet-sen advocated the Revolution of Human Rights, and pointed out the mistakes of the Natural Rights advocated by Rousseau. Dr. Sun Yet-sen, in a historically evolutionary way, explains that human rights result from the trends of democratic movement and that era being. It supplies and strengthens the theory of his Democracism. During the civil war and military forces occupying the nation at the infancy of the Republic of China, Dr. Sun Yet-sen's theory of the Revolution of Human Rights might enhance the political moralities of people, the abilities and knowledge of people to fight for their human rights and the theory of political modernism. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。