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題名 | 以計算流體動力學分析自然通風低層建築物之通風特性--以溫室建築為例=A CFD Evaluation on Ventilation Characteristics of Naturally Ventilated Low-Rise Buildings--Taking Greenhouse as Example |
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作者 | 張倉榮; 郭鴻興; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷期 | 47:4 2001.12[民90.12] |
頁次 | 頁56-66 |
分類號 | 441.64 |
關鍵詞 | 計算流體動力學; 低層建築物; 通風特性; 自然通風效率; 紊流大渦模擬模式; 通風路徑; Computational fluid dynamics; Low-rise buildings; Ventilation characteristics; Natural ventilation rate; Large eddy simulation; Ventilation path; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究使用計算流體動力學(Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD)進行自然通風低層建築物通風效率之分析。首先,以紊流大渦模擬模式(Large Eddy Simulation, LES)配合Navier-Stokes控制方程式,進行CFD數值環境風場模式的研究發展,繼而將數值模擬結果與前人風洞實驗資料進行比對分析,以驗證數值模式之參數,其相對誤差均在10%以內。本研究再跟文獻中CFD最常見之紊流k-ε模式模擬結果比較,比較結果顯示LES模式具有非等向性渦漩模擬之優越性,優於紊流k- 模式,尤其是在角隅及屋頂部位,k-ε模式所得之結果與實驗值差距更大。最後,本研究對單區間雙斜式溫室,予以通風數值模擬測定,對不同位置及角度之開口做有效性之室內通風路徑組合,嘗試以既有之溫室通風控制模式作為基礎,尋求室內通風路徑之最佳化方式,以獲得有效率、可靠的通風設計資料,並作為工程師設計參考之依據。 |
英文摘要 | A systematic analysis of the ventilation process in naturally ventilated low-rise buildings was performed with the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to solve the Navier-Stokes equations together with the large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence model. The validity of the model was verified by comparing the simulated numerical results with the published experimental data and the conventional k- turbulence model. A good agreement between the numerical data and the experimental measurements was found if a LES turbulence model is applied in CFD simulation, especially for the flow fields located in the corners and top of the buildings. The relative error between the measured data and the simulated result was within 10%. The influence of design characteristics, such as the opening angles and locations on the ventilation efficiency, was examined in the case of a typical Venlo greenhouse, which is a representative example of naturally ventilated low-rise buildings. It is demonstrated that CFD is a powerful tool for developing improved designs with respect to ventilation efficiency. |
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