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來源資料
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題 名 | 陸軍直昇機空勤人員噪音性聽力損失之研究=Noise-induced Hearing Loss among Army Helicopter Aircrew in Taiwan |
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作 者 | 吳怡昌; 李紀蓮; 陸偉明; 陳育仁; 呂立群; | 書刊名 | 醫學研究 |
卷 期 | 21:專刊 民90.11 |
頁 次 | 頁65-75 |
分類號 | 416.812 |
關鍵詞 | 航空醫學; 飛行安全; 噪音性聽力損失; 聽力損失流行率; Aviation medicine; Flight safety; Noise-induced hearing loss; Prevalence of hearing loss; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 對空勤人員而言,聽力障礙可減損其飛行途中的航管溝通和組員協調的效能,進而危及飛行安全。目的:探討我國陸軍直昇機空勤人員聽力損失流行率、相關變項、以及聽力分類方法。方法:共有162位陸軍現役直昇機空勤人員接受純音聽力檢查(Pure Tone Audiometry, PTA)並填寫基本背景資料,其平均年齡為29.1±4.9歲,平均飛行時數為685.5±591.4小時。使用描述性統計分析、卡方、相關及迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。依據個體聽力閾值,將受測者聽力分為「正常」、「偏移」、「損失」等三組別。結果:計有27位受測者(16.7%)之聽力屬於「損失組」,另有29位(18%)則屬於「偏移組」。在易受到噪音損傷的4KHz和8KHz部份,聽力閾值超過45dB者分佔9.2%與11.7%。年齡、飛行時數與左、右耳3K~8KHz之聽力閾值均呈高相關(P<0.05)。結論:約35%受測者之聽力呈現損失或高於我國人常模值。現行之三、四或六分法聽力損失判定方式或國軍空勤人員聽力標準都無法有效早期篩檢出噪音性聽力損失案例。本研究採用之聽力三級分類法,可提供較為明確的檢查結果和聽力保健管理訊息。 |
英文摘要 | The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hearing loss among the military helicopter aircrew and to examine the potential factors of inducing hearing loss such as work-related and demographic variables. Standardized audiometric testing procedures were performed on 162 helicopter aircrew (age 29.1±4.9) from two ROC Army aviation brigades. The data of audiograms from study group were evaluated for hearing loss and threshold shift by using the standards we devised. The findings of audiograms were classified into normal, significant shift, and hearing loss categories. A written survey was also conducted to gather information of age, flight time, and type of aircraft flown. Using our criteria, 16.7% of the examined subjects suffered from hearing loss and 17.9% demonstrated significant threshold shifts. At the frequencies of 4KHz and 8KHz, there were 9.2% and 11.7% of the subjects respectively whose hearing thresholds in either ear equaled or exceeded 45dB. Moreover, the data show that both age and cumulative flight time have significant correlations with the hearing threshold levels in both ears at the 3KHz~8KHz band (p<0.05). In summary, a rather high percentage of 35% with different degrees of hearing loss or significant threshold shifts was noted in the study group. The current Army hearing standards failed to early detect the cases of noise-induced hearing damage. More sensitive criteria should be developed and used for the purpose of aircrew's hearing conservation. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。