頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 流域形狀與洪峰及直接逕流延時之關係=The Relationship among Watershed Shape, Pear Flood, and the Duration of Direct Runoff |
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作者姓名(中文) | 鄧天德; | 書刊名 | 臺北市立師範學院學報 |
卷期 | 32 2001.11[民90.11] |
頁次 | 頁397-406 |
分類號 | 351.8 |
關鍵詞 | 流域面積; 流域形狀; 洪峰; 直接逕流; 逕流延時; Watershed area; Watershed shape; Peak flood; Direct runoff; Runoff duration; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 洪水為患主要在於洪峰的高低,影響洪峰高度的因素很多,主要有降雨強度、植被的良窳、流域的坡度、流域的大小、流域形狀最被水文學者所忽視。 筆者將流域形狀分為七種,以100個單位為流域面積,以不同的單位距離為半徑,計算出各種流稑形狀的不同單位距離所包含的面積為集水面積,以集水面積取代洪峰高度,計算結果如下:洪峰高度由高而低依次是半圓形、正三角形、菱形、正方形、倒三角形、圓形、長方形。洪峰發生早晚時間依序是長方形、正方形、正三角形、半圓形、圓形、菱形、倒三角形。直接逕流的延時長短依序是長方形、菱形、倒三角形、正三角形、正方形、圓形、半圓形。 流域形狀與洪患程度息息相關,如何將流域形狀量化並應用於洪峰高度的預測,則仍有待水文學者的研究。 |
英文摘要 | Flood damage is mainly caused by the high peak flood. There are many factors related to the occurrence of high peak flood, such as the rainfall density, vegetable condition, watershed slope, watershed area and watershed shape, among these factors, the watershed shape has been ignored by hydrologists. In this paper 7 kinds of watershed shape was designed, there are half-circle, circle, square, up-triangle (with equal sides), down-triangle(with equal sides), rhombus, and rectangle. The area of each kind of watershed is assumed 100 units, the area of each unit radius of the 7 shapes of watershed from the center (gaging station) located at the button of watershed is calculated with Autocad program. The area of each unit radius is assumed to be the volume of runoff of that unit radius. The results measured are as follows: the highest peak flood is made by the half-circle watershed, the others in sequence are up-triangle, rhombus, square, down-triangle, circle and rectangle. The longest duration of direct runoff is made by rectangle, the others in sequence are rhombus, down-triangle, up-triangle, square, circle, and half-circle. How to use the factor of watershed shape as a parameter to forecast the volume of peak flood of a watershed is however to be developed. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。