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題名 | Determination of Mass Transfer Resistance During Extraction and Back-extraction of Metals in Two Hollow Fiber Contactors=金屬離子在中空纖維模組萃取與反萃取過程中質傳阻力之決定 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 林素霞; 莊瑞鑫; | 書刊名 | Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers |
卷期 | 32:5 2001.09[民90.09] |
頁次 | 頁445-452 |
分類號 | 460.025 |
關鍵詞 | 金屬離子; 中空纖維模組萃取; 質傳阻力; Mass transfer resistance; Microporous hollow fiber; Extraction; Metal ions; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文首先將金屬離子從水溶液中,經由管殼式中空纖維模組萃取至有機相(萃取劑及煤油稀釋劑),接著再經由另一個中空纖維模組,將有機相中之金屬反萃取至鹽酸溶液中。探討的系統有CU²+ -LIX64N-HCl及Cu (EDTA)²¯ Aliquat 336-HCl兩種,水溶液在管束內流動,而有機相則以掃流與對流的方式流經殼側。考慮所有可能之質傳阻力,包括水相邊界層擴散、界面化學反應、薄膜擴散及有機相邊界層擴散等,建立了一個質傳的模式;經與實驗結果相較,發現此模式可合理預測中空纖維模組萃取程序中,金屬離子濃度與時間之變化關係(平均標準偏差小於11%)。在擬穩定狀態的假設下,依據此質傳模式可計算出不同操作時間下,上述四個質傳步驟之相對阻力,進而可定量地決定該中空纖維模組萃取與反萃取程序中之質傳機構(亦即,速率控制步驟)。對於CU²+ -LlX64N-HCl系統,在LIX64N高濃度的情況下,隨著操作時間取程序中之質傳機構(亦即,速率控制步驟)。對於CU²+ -LIX64N-HCl系統,在LIX64N高濃度的情況下,隨著操作時間增加水相邊界層擴散的阻力會逐漸增加而界面化學反應的阻力會逐漸減少。至於Cu (EDTA)²¯ Aliquat 336-HCl系統,在Cu(EDTA )²¯高濃度的情況下,隨著操作時間增加,水相邊界層擴散的阻力會逐漸增加而有機相邊界層攝散的阻力會逐漸減少。 |
英文摘要 | In this study, metal ions were extracted from aqueous solutions across a hollow fiber containing carriers in kerosene, and the metals were then back-extracted through another hollow fiber to a stripping phase. Two extraction systems of Cu²+ -LIX64N-HCl and Cu (EDTA)²¯ Aliquat 336-HCl were studied. A mass transfer model was developed which took into account possible steps, such as aqueous layer diffusion, interfacial chemical reaction, membrane diffusion, and organic layer diffusion. It was found that this model could acceptably predict the time profiles of aqueous concentrations of metal ions in such modules (standard deviation, 11%). Based on this mass transfer model, a procedure was employed with pseudo-steady-state approximation to numerically determine the fractional resistance of each transport step. This enabled us to identify the mechanism during the extraction and back-extraction processes. In the Cu²+ LIX64N-HCI system, the resistance of aqueous layer diffusion increased and of interfacial reaction decreased with time under high extractant concentrations. In the Cu(EDTA)²¯ -Aliquat 336-HCl system, the resistance of organic layer diffusion decreased and of aqueous layer diffusion increased with time under high Cu(EDTA)²¯ concentrations. However, the same trends of resistances with time were observed in the back-extraction module |
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