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題名 | The Friction Characteristics of Gaseous Slip Flow in Microtubes=微圓管滑動氣體流場摩擦特性之探討 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 陳慶祥; 康尚文; 郭維仁; | 書刊名 | 中國工程學刊 |
卷期 | 24:5 2001.09[民90.09] |
頁次 | 頁641-647 |
分類號 | 440.137 |
關鍵詞 | 滑動流; 微流道; 微機電系統; Slip flow; Microtube flow; MEMs; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文以數值方法探討微圓管內之滑動氣體流場,工作流體為氮氣,若Kundsen數介 於 10 □≦ Kn ≦ 0.1 則流體可假設為連體但邊界須為可滑動, 如此才能將邊界上流體的 軸向動量與能量和管壁不完全交換的情況成功模擬。雖然本文作者在不久前成功地以解非穩 態可壓縮之 Navier-Stokes 方程式來探討此一問題, 但因此方程組之雙曲及拋物線特性使 得此一解法非常沒有效率,本研究結果證實滑動氣體流場可由穩態可壓縮之邊界層方程式來 求解。由於穩態邊界層方程式為一組拋物線方程組,其解可以快速求得,使得此一解法成為 研究滑動氣體流場之高效率精確工具。 本研究結果顯示若微圓管流場為滑動層流則其 f . Re 的值比傳統大管來得小, 滑動邊界是由於氣體分子與管壁動量及能量交換不完全所致, 此一滑動邊界對流場速度及質流率均有決定性的影響。 |
英文摘要 | The present work studies the friction characteristics of gaseous slip flow in microtubes. The reduced diameter of microtubes has significant influences on the flow. The degree of influence depends on the Knudsen number. If the Knudsen number is in the range of 10 □ to 0.1, the fluid can be assumed to be a continuum but a slip boundary condition at the tube wall has to be employed to account for the incomplete tangential momentum and energy exchanges between the gas molecules and the wall. Although slip flow in microtubes can be investigated by solving numerically the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, the hyperbolic-parabolic character of the equations makes it very inefficient. The very large length to diameter ratio of microtube flows suggests that they can be predicted accurately as well as efficiently by solving the compressible boundary-layer equations. The parabolic character of the boundary-layer equations renders the present method a very efficient and accurate tool in studying slip flows. The results confirm the findings of earlier investigators that the product of f . Re is smaller for laminar microtube flows than that predicted by the conventional theory when the flow is in the slip region. |
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