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題名 | 國民中小學自然資源教育教學指引:自然資源教育概念綱領=An Instruction Guide to Natural Resources Education in Junior High and Elementary Schools: An Outline of Concepts of Natural Resources Education |
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作者 | 張自立; 高明智; Chang, Tzyh-lee; Kao, Ming-chih; |
期刊 | 國立臺北師範學院學報 |
出版日期 | 20010900 |
卷期 | 14 2001.09[民90.09] |
頁次 | 頁543-569+571-572 |
分類號 | 523.433 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 自然資源教育; 概念綱領; Natural resources education; Outlines of concepts; |
中文摘要 | 本研究旨在研擬自然資源教育概念綱領,希望藉綱領讓國中、小老師對自然資源教育的整體內涵及自然資源問題特質與對策產生清晰的認識,並能扼要地掌握住施教內容、目標與策略。我們採用修正的德懷術(Modified Delphi Technique)研究法來研擬概念綱領的內容。首先經研究小組每週固定開會討論,擬出初步的概念架構圖,再由其中演繹得出主綱領和次綱領條文。接下來邀請學科專家、衛生專家、環保專家、課程設計專家、國小教師及校長、宗教界人士、社經相關人員等各一至二位,召開座談會討論,再經個別訪談、審查等過程,最後整理完成了五大綱領及四十條次綱領。綱領宗旨在於期望教師經由自然資源教育過程,啟發學童覺知自然資源的問題,培養自然資源相關的概念知識、環保素養和生態意識,建立積極正面的態度、信念與價值觀,並發展出具體的實際行動。五大綱領所闡述的分別是:(一)自然資源內容及其與生物生存發展的關係;(二)自然資源與人口的關係;(三)人類對自然資源之濫用與誤用;(四)自然資源與污染;(五)自然資源教學理念與實踐。前四個綱領內容是基於客觀、整體性的考量所擬出,故應具有相當的普遍性,可適用於一般大眾。至於綱領五,由於提出它的目的,在於落實國中、小自然資源教育,因此其中所包含的內容,主要即為適用於國中、小老師的教學目標、內容與策略。本概念綱領由於架構精簡、脈絡清晰,故適宜做為國中、小自然資源教育之教學指引。 |
英文摘要 | The aim of this research is to draw up an outline of natural resources education. The outline is expected to be able to help junior high and elementary school teachers clearly understand both the contents and meanings of natural resources education and the problems and solutions of natural resources, and easily grasp the main points of teaching material, objectives, and methods. We used the modified Delphi technique to draw up the contents of the outline. Firstly, based on our weekly research group discussion, we drew up a preliminary outline structure, from which articles and sub-articles were deduced. Subsequently, we invited one or two each of course experts, hygienic experts, environmental protection experts, curriculum experts, school teachers and principals, religious and social workers to attend a symposium, in which the contents of the outline was discussed. Finally, after the process of interview and reviewing, we obtained five articles and forty sub-articles. The purpose of the outline is as follows: Through the process of natural resources education, teachers can instruct the students how to find out the problems of natural resources, can foster the students with knowledge of natural resources, environmental protection literacy and ecological consciousness, can cultivate the students to have positive attitudes, beliefs and value, and finally can lead the students to start actions. The five articles are: (1) the contents of natural resources and its relationship with the development of all creatures; (2) the relationship between natural resources and population; (3) abuse and misuse of natural resources by human beings; (4) natural resources and pollution; (5) rational concept and practice of instruction in natural resources education. The first four articles were objectively drawn up on the basis of generality; therefore, they are suitable for the general public. In contrast, the fifth article, proposed for the natural resources education in junior high and elementary schools, is mainly inclusive of teaching objectives, contents and methods for those teachers. Since this outline has simple and concise structure and clear sub-articles that are systematically related, it can be provided as an instruction guide to natural resources education for junior high and elementary school teachers. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。