頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 幼蟲期資源競爭對四紋豆象(Callosobruchus maculatus)(鞘翅目:豆象科)成蟲期生活史策略之影響=Superparasitism of Seeds Affects the Life History Strategy of the Adult Bean Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.) |
---|---|
作者 | 黃啟鈞; 洪淑彬; | 書刊名 | 臺灣昆蟲 |
卷期 | 21:3 2001.09[民90.09] |
頁次 | 頁287-297 |
分類號 | 387.785 |
關鍵詞 | 幼蟲競爭; 寄主資源; 生活史特徵; Larval competition; Host availability; Life history traits; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 在四紋豆象(Callosobruchus maculatus Fab.)的研究上發現,當寄主豆數量供應不足時,雌蟲有在同一寄主豆上重複產卵的現象,而使得同一寄主豆內之幼蟲遭遇寄主資源之競爭。曾經歷幼蟲競爭之四紋豆象成蟲在體型上會有所改變,而體型大小又與生活史特徵的表現有關。本研究首次提出幼蟲期環境經歷會影響成蟲期生活史策略反應的假說,並探討四紋豆象幼蟲競爭經歷對成蟲生活史特徵的影響,以對此假說加以檢測。試驗中取有或無幼蟲競爭經歷之四紋豆象雌蟲,提供寄主豆不足與充裕兩種資源狀況,以比較兩者在成蟲期生活史特徵表現上之差異。結果指出,具幼蟲競爭經歷的雌蟲,在每日供應少量寄主豆時,其平均產卵量減少而壽命延長。且產卵形式上雌蟲有在短時間內產下所有卵的現象。此外,比較雌蟲重量損失與產卵量之比值,則發現有幼蟲競爭經歷之雌蟲,比值顯著大於無幼蟲競爭經歷者。而供應足量寄主豆時,有或無幼蟲競爭處理間上述生活史特徵卻無顯著差異。即曾經歷幼蟲競爭之雌蟲,於限制成蟲期資源時,其產卵量、壽命及產卵行為等策略上均有所調整。文中近一步探討此種生活史特徵改變與維持之適應意義。 |
英文摘要 | Previous studies showed that when providing a female bean weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus, with a smaller number of host beans, the female will lay more than one egg on a bean, and thus possibly causing the larvae to compete for the limited resources in the host bean. In addition, the level of larval competition may influence the size of emergent adults, and this in turn affects the life history traits of the adult. We first proposed the hypothesis that environmental effects on larval stages may change the adaptation of a female adult to her environment. Environmental manipulations were used to explore the effects of larval competition on the life history strategy of the bean weevil, C. maculatus. The effect of larval competition on the performances of adult life history strategies were studied when host beans were abundant or scarce. The results show that the female adult that had experienced larval competition decreases her lifetime fecundity and increases her longevity when provided with fewer host beans per day. In addition, the experience of larval competition also shortens the reproductive period of the female adult when provided with fewer host beans per day. Furthermore, comparing the ratio of weight loss to fecundity showed that the female adult that had experienced larval competition may invest more resources in each egg. On the contrary, if host beans are provided in abundance, no differences were observed in those life history traits between female adults with or without larval competition experience. In this study, the significance of changes in or maintenance of life history traits by females is discussed. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。