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題名 | 集集大地震對木質構造建築震害之探討=A Survey on Wood-framed Structures Damaged by Chi-Chi Earthquake |
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作者姓名(中文) | 葉民權; 吳佳龍; 符惠雅; 張宏淑; | 書刊名 | 林產工業 |
卷期 | 20:2 2001.06[民90.06] |
頁次 | 頁111-121 |
分類號 | 441.553 |
關鍵詞 | 木造房屋; 集集大地震; 2×4工法; 原木屋; Wood-framed structure; Chi-Chi earthquake; 2×4 construction; Log home; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究係針對九二一集集大地震有關新興木質構造建築的破壞進行調查與分析,實地調查地點包括台中縣市及南投縣市,受損情況依建築物之部位區分基礎、牆結構、樓板、樑柱結構、屋頂、露台、門窗開口等進行紀錄與分類,結果顯示:在地震中受損之木造房屋,基礎受到破壞者佔65%,主要為地板開裂及基樁傾倒,而其中最主要的原因是地質問題與斷層通過佔88%,且由於接合強度不足,而連帶使主體木構造受損。木造房屋在牆面受到破壞者佔57%,主要為牆面連接處或牆面與柱之間的錯開,以及雨淋板之鬆脫,而其最主要的原因是未作斜撐補強或未採用結構牆設計佔81%,同時用釘方式或金屬扣件種類之適當性必須慎重考慮。木質構造樓板之破壞佔19%,主要為整體剛性不足且連接強度不足以致塌陷或隆起而分離佔72%,而最主要的原因是地質鬆軟缺點佔57%,其接合的設計與樓板施工應為改進之重點。調查中亦發現樑柱結構部份耐震性較弱,造成新興木造房屋門廊部位的破壞共計27%,其中主要為樑柱結構體產生傾斜屬中度破壞者佔72%,全部樑柱結構均因接合強度或剛性不足而破壞,其中有45%肇因於建築基地之隆起或開裂而破壞。新興木造房屋之屋頂由於質量輕,在地震中僅有11%遭受破壞,多發生在屋簷以及低階屋頂與主結構牆連接處。木造房屋之門窗開口在地震中有35%受到損壞,其中主要為開口處受到壓縮而傾斜變形佔77%,破壞最主要的原因則是主結構抵抗側向橫力之能力不足佔62%。依此結果,建議應依規範要求進行斜撐補強或合板結構牆施工。 |
英文摘要 | An investigation and analysis on the damages of recently established wood-framed houses during the 921 Chi-Chi Earthquake event was performed in this study. The locations covered in the investigation were around the area of Taichung county and Nantou county. The failure situations of wood-framed houses were divided into foundation, wall structure, floor, post and beam construction, roof, deck, and window and door openings. According to the results, there were 37 units of wooden houses damaged including one log home and one steel-framed but finished with wood materials. There were 65% of houses having damages at foundations during the earthquake, and splits on the concrete slab and tilts of the piers were major damages. The soft soils and faults across were major causes, which constituted 88% of total foundation damage cases. There were 57% of houses having damages at wall sections. The failures occurred at connections between walls, corner posts and walls, and sidings where attached to the wall frames. The walls framed without diagonal bracing or any structural consideration for lateral resistance were the main reasons caused failures, which constituted 81% of total wall failure cases. There were 19% of houses having damages at floor structures, which were collapsed or buckled due to weak connections and low rigidity of diaphragms and accounted for 72%. There were 27% of houses having damages at post and beam construction and all were due to low joint strength or rigidity. Only 11% of houses having damages on roof structures were observed and always occurred at eave portions or the connections between low roofs to the walls of main structures. There were 35% of houses having damages at window and door openings. Most of openings on the wall elements were deformed laterally by compression, i.e., 77%. The main reason caused failure at openings was due to insufficient capability of resisting lateral force for main building, which constituted 62% of opening failure cases. Based on the results, is recommended that the building structures framed by diagonal bracing or sheathed with structural plywood panels on the wall sections shall follow the code specification. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。