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題名 | 北約擴展研究綜論:國際關係理論的解釋與「制度-民主」的分析視角=An Overview of Studies on NATO Outreach and Enlargement--Interpretations of International Relations Theory and the Perspective of "International Institution-democracy" |
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作者 | 李海東; 張亞中; | 書刊名 | 美歐季刊 |
卷期 | 15:1=141 民90.春 |
頁次 | 頁69-115 |
分類號 | 578.1641 |
關鍵詞 | 現實主義; 自由制度主義; 民主和平論; 制度-民主; 新威爾遜主義; 反現實主義; 北約功能調整; NATO outreach and enlargement; Realism; Institutionalism; Democratic peace; Neo-Wilsonism; Anti-realism; Adjustment of NATO's function; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文旨在概論述冷戰結束後國內外關於美嘓與北約擴展的主要觀點,並提出分析柯林頓政府北學擴展政策和認識美國對炊外交的一種視角。國內外學者們關於北約擴展的觀點大致可依據分析美國外交策的主要理論來進行劃分。現實主義理論重視總體權勢因素中的軍事組成部分,主張以均勢維持世界和平,其認為北約的繼續存在依賴於存在一個明確的對立面,該對立面就是俄羅斯。制度主義強調經濟因素和共同行為模式的重要意義,主張通過國際制度消除際社會的無政狀態,保證世界和平。制度義主要分為自由制度主義和集體安全論兩派。自由制度主義者認為:西歐國家應當逐漸承擔起北學所需要的花費並加強自身的軍事力量,以使美為主導的北約逐漸衰退;集體全體論者強調以國際制度為核心紐帶,確立反對侵略、保證和平的共同的行為模式。此外並主張北約應當擺脫集體防務原則,走集體案全之路;民主和平論者則強調價值念在維持世界和平中的重要作用,強調北約由民主國家構成,應當發展成為一個民主家共同體。本文認為,只有綜合不同王論的不同要素才能對柯林頓政府實施的北約擴展的實際政策產生一個完整、全面的認。基於點,本文提出「制度-民主」的分析視角,來解釋北約擴展。「制度-民主」重視軍事力量以及均機制在保證歐洲安全中的作用,但更強調建構國際制度、培育價值念與民主政體在美對歐洲政策中的重要性有認為,「制度-民主」的分析視角符合二十世紀美對歐外交的內在邏輯、符合美國主流價值觀念、符合當今全球化與區域一體化的發展趨勢、符合美對歐交往中所獲得的實際經驗教訓。它是人們柯林頓政府北約擴展策的一種切實可行的視角,它也有助於人們認識二次大戰結束以來美國對歐外交的歷史與發展趨勢。 |
英文摘要 | The thesis sums up the main arguments on NATO outreach and enlargement (NATO OAE) scholars, and puts forward a new perspective in analyzing the Clinton administration's policy towards NATO OAE and in understanding US diplomacy towards Europe. According to different theories of international relations, the arguments on NATO OAE can be classified into following groups: (1) the realists, who stress the military elements in power and argue for maintaining world peace through balance of power, hence, they assume that a manifest rival, namely Russia, is indispensable for the vitality of NATO; (2) institutionalism, which has two branches. The liberal institutionalism insist that Western Europe should enhance its own military capability to replace NATO gradually; before that happens, western Europe should cover the costs of maintaining NATO. The other institutionalists, supporting the principle of collective security, argue a kind of common behavior model of opposing aggression and safeguarding world peace should be established around international changed into a collective security organization; and (3) supporters of the principle of democratic peace, who contend that NATO should take eastern European countries and construct a democratic community in Europe. The present thesis proposes a new perspective, namely "international institution-democracy," for US policy towards NATO OAE and US policy towards Europe. The nature of the Clinton administration's policy towards NATO OAE is to adjust the function of NATO from containing to integrating countries of the former Warsaw Treaty Organization. Therefore, NATO serves as an institution to guarantee the smooth transformation of these countries into democracies of western style. This perspective is convincing because it conforms to the innate logic of US diplomacy toward Europe, to mainstream value, to the current trend of globalization and rationalization, and to the lessons drawn from the historical exchange with Europe. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。